Label: AMMONIUM LACTATE lotion

  • Category: HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL

Drug Label Information

Updated April 18, 2012

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  • SPL UNCLASSIFIED SECTION

    For Dermatologic Use Only
    Not for Ophthalmic, Oral or Intravaginal Use

    Rx only

  • DESCRIPTION

    *Ammonium Lactate Lotion, 12% specially formulates 12% lactic acid neutralized with ammonium hydroxide, as ammonium lactate to provide a lotion pH of 4.5 - 5.5. It also contains cetyl alcohol, fragrance, glycerin, glyceryl stearate, laureth-4, light mineral oil, magnesium aluminum silicate, methylcellulose, methylparaben, PEG-100 stearate, polyoxyl 40 stearate, propylene glycol, propylparaben, and purified water. Lactic acid is a racemic mixture of 2-hydroxypropanoic acid and has the following structural formula:

    structural formula

  • CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY

    Lactic acid is an alpha-hydroxy acid, it is a normal constituent of tissues and blood. The alpha-hydroxy acids (and their salts) may act as humectants when applied to the skin. This property may influence hydration of the stratum corneum. In addition, lactic acid, when applied to the skin, may act to decrease corneocyte cohesion. The mechanism(s) by which this is accomplished is not yet known.

    An in vitro study of percutaneous absorption of ammonium lactate lotion, 12% using human cadaver skin indicates that approximately 5.8% of the material was absorbed after 68 hours.

  • INDICATIONS AND USAGE

    Ammonium Lactate Lotion, 12% is indicated for the treatment of dry, scaly skin (xerosis) and ichthyosis vulgaris, and for the temporary relief of itching associated with these conditions.

  • CONTRAINDICATIONS

    Ammonium Lactate Lotion, 12% is contraindicated in those patients with a history of hypersensitivity to any of the label ingredients.

  • WARNING

    Sun exposure (natural or artificial sunlight) to areas of the skin treated with Ammonium Lactate Lotion, 12% should be minimized or avoided (see PRECAUTIONS). The use of Ammonium Lactate Lotion, 12% should be discontinued if any hypersensitivity is observed.

  • PRECAUTIONS

    General

    For external use only. Stinging or burning may occur when applied to skin with fissures, erosions, or that is otherwise abraded (for example, after shaving the legs). Caution is advised when used on the face because of the potential for irritation. The potential for post-inflammatory hypo- or hyperpigmentation has not been studied.

    Information for Patients

    Patients using Ammonium Lactate Lotion, 12% should receive the following information and instructions:

    1. This medication is to be used as directed by the physician, and should not be used for any disorder other than for which it was prescribed. It is for external use only. Avoid contact with eyes, lips, or mucous membranes.

    2. Patients should minimize or avoid use of this product on areas of the skin that may be exposed to natural or artificial sunlight, including the face. If sun exposure is unavoidable, clothing should be worn to protect the skin.

    3. This medication may cause transient stinging or burning when applied to skin with fissures, erosions, or abrasions (for example, after shaving the legs).

    4. If the skin condition worsens with treatment, the medication should be promptly discontinued.

    Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility

    The topical treatment of CD-1 mice with 12%, 21% or 30% ammonium lactate formulations for two-years did not produce a significant increase in dermal or systemic tumors in the absence of increased exposure to ultraviolet radiation. The maximum systemic exposure of the mice in this study was 0.7 times the maximum possible systemic exposure in humans. However, a long-term photocarcinogenicity study in hairless albino mice suggested that topically applied 12% ammonium lactate formulations enhanced the rate of ultraviolet light-induced skin tumor formation.

    The mutagenic potential of ammonium lactate formulations was evaluated in the Ames assay and in the mouse in vivo micronucleus assay, both of which were negative.

    In dermal Segment I and III studies with ammonium lactate formulations there were no effects observed in fertility or pre- or postnatal development parameters in rats at dose levels of 300 mg/kg/day (1800 mg/m2/day), approximately 0.4 times the human topical dose.

    Pregnancy

    Teratogenic effects

    Pregnancy Category B

    Animal reproduction studies have been performed in rats and rabbits at doses up to 0.7 and 1.5 times the human dose, respectively (600 mg/kg/day, corresponding to 3600 mg/m2/day in the rat and 7200 mg/m2/day in the rabbit) and have revealed no evidence of impaired fertility or harm to the fetus due to ammonium lactate formulations. There are, however, no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, Ammonium Lactate Lotion, 12% should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed.

    Nursing Mothers

    Although lactic acid is a normal constituent of blood and tissues, it is not known to what extent this drug affects normal lactic acid levels in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when ammonium lactate is administered to a nursing woman.

    Pediatric Use

    Safety and effectiveness of ammonium lactate have been demonstrated in infants and children. No unusual toxic effects were reported.

    Geriatric Use

    Clinical studies of ammonium lactate lotion, 12% did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects. Other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between elderly and younger patients. In general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious.

  • ADVERSE REACTIONS

    The most frequent adverse experiences in patients with xerosis are transient stinging (1 in 30 patients), burning (1 in 30 patients), erythema (1 in 50 patients) and peeling (1 in 60 patients). Other adverse reactions which occur less frequently are irritation, eczema, petechiae, dryness, and hyperpigmentation. Due to the more severe initial skin conditions associated with ichthyosis, there was a higher incidence of transient stinging, burning and erythema (each occurring in 1 in 10 patients).

  • OVERDOSAGE

    The oral administration of ammonium lactate to rats and mice showed this drug to be practically non-toxic (LD50>15 mL/kg).

  • DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

    Shake well. Apply to the affected areas and rub in thoroughly. Use twice daily or as directed by a physician.

  • HOW SUPPLIED

    Ammonium Lactate Lotion, 12% is available as follows:

    225 g bottle   (NDC 54868-4599-0)

    400 g bottle   (NDC 54868-4599-1)

    STORAGE

    Store at 20-25°C (68-77°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].

  • SPL UNCLASSIFIED SECTION

    MANUFACTURED BY
    PERRIGO
    BRONX, NY 10457

    DISTRIBUTED BY
    PERRIGO®
    Allegan, MI 49010

    0K5A7 RC F2

    Rev. 12/09



    Additional barcode labeling by:
    Physicians Total Care, Inc.
    Tulsa, Oklahoma       74146

  • Principal Display Panel

    Ammonium Lactate Lotion, 12%*

    Rx Only

    Ammonium Lactate Lotion, 12%* Label

    Ammonium Lactate Lotion, 12%* Label

  • INGREDIENTS AND APPEARANCE
    AMMONIUM LACTATE 
    ammonium lactate lotion
    Product Information
    Product TypeHUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUGItem Code (Source)NDC:54868-4599(NDC:45802-419)
    Route of AdministrationTOPICAL
    Active Ingredient/Active Moiety
    Ingredient NameBasis of StrengthStrength
    AMMONIUM LACTATE (UNII: 67M901L9NQ) (LACTIC ACID, DL- - UNII:3B8D35Y7S4) LACTIC ACID, DL-12 g  in 100 g
    Packaging
    #Item CodePackage DescriptionMarketing Start DateMarketing End Date
    1NDC:54868-4599-0225 g in 1 BOTTLE, PLASTIC
    2NDC:54868-4599-1400 g in 1 BOTTLE, PLASTIC
    Marketing Information
    Marketing CategoryApplication Number or Monograph CitationMarketing Start DateMarketing End Date
    ANDAANDA07557002/14/2002
    Labeler - Physicians Total Care, Inc. (194123980)
    Establishment
    NameAddressID/FEIBusiness Operations
    Physicians Total Care, Inc.194123980relabel