Label: CLINDAMYCIN PHOSPHATE solution

  • NDC Code(s): 51672-4081-3, 51672-4081-4
  • Packager: Taro Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc.
  • Category: HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL

Drug Label Information

Updated April 9, 2021

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  • SPL UNCLASSIFIED SECTION

    Rx only

    For External Use

  • DESCRIPTION

    Clindamycin Phosphate Topical Solution contains clindamycin phosphate, USP, at a concentration equivalent to 10 mg clindamycin per milliliter.

    Clindamycin phosphate is a water soluble ester of the semi-synthetic antibiotic produced by a 7(S)-chloro-substitution of the 7(R)-hydroxyl group of the parent antibiotic lincomycin.

    The solution contains isopropyl alcohol 50% v/v, propylene glycol, and purified water. May contain sodium hydroxide for pH balance.

    The structural formula is represented below:

    Chemical Structure

    The chemical name for clindamycin phosphate is Methyl 7-chloro-6,7,8-trideoxy-6-(1-methyl-trans-4-propyl-L-2-pyrrolidinecarboxamido)-1-thio-L-threo-α-D-galacto-octopyranoside 2-(dihydrogen phosphate).

  • CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY

    Mechanism of Action

    The mechanism of action of clindamycin in treating acne vulgaris is unknown.

    Pharmacokinetics

    Following multiple topical applications of clindamycin phosphate at a concentration equivalent to 10 mg clindamycin per mL in an isopropyl alcohol and water solution, very low levels of clindamycin are present in the serum (0 to 3 ng/mL) and less than 0.2% of the dose is recovered in urine as clindamycin.

    Although clindamycin phosphate is inactive in vitro, rapid in vivo hydrolysis converts this compound to the antibacterially active clindamycin.

    Microbiology

    Clindamycin inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 23S RNA of the 50S subunit of the ribosome. Clindamycin is bacteriostatic.

    Antimicrobial Activity

    Clindamycin is active in vitro against most isolates of Propionibacterium acnes; however, the clinical significance is unknown.

    Resistance

    Resistance to clindamycin is most often caused by modification of specific bases of the 23S ribosomal RNA. Cross-resistance between clindamycin and lincomycin is complete. Because the binding sites for these antibacterial drugs overlap, cross resistance is sometimes observed among lincosamides, macrolides and streptogramin B. Macrolide-inducible resistance to clindamycin occurs in some isolates of macrolide-resistant bacteria.

  • INDICATIONS AND USAGE

    Clindamycin Phosphate Topical Solution is indicated in the treatment of acne vulgaris. In view of the potential for diarrhea, bloody diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis, the physician should consider whether other agents are more appropriate (see CONTRAINDICATIONS, WARNINGS and ADVERSE REACTIONS).

  • CONTRAINDICATIONS

    Clindamycin Phosphate Topical Solution is contraindicated in individuals with a history of hypersensitivity to preparations containing clindamycin or lincomycin, a history of regional enteritis or ulcerative colitis, or a history of antibiotic-associated colitis.

  • WARNINGS

    Orally and parenterally administered clindamycin has been associated with severe colitis which may result in patient death. Use of the topical formulation of clindamycin results in absorption of the antibiotic from the skin surface. Diarrhea, bloody diarrhea, and colitis (including pseudomembranous colitis) have been reported with the use of topical and systemic clindamycin.

    Studies indicate a toxin(s) produced by clostridia is one primary cause of antibiotic-associated colitis. The colitis is usually characterized by severe persistent diarrhea and severe abdominal cramps and may be associated with the passage of blood and mucus. Endoscopic examination may reveal pseudomembranous colitis. Stool culture for Clostridium difficile and stool assay for C. difficile toxin may be helpful diagnostically.

    When significant diarrhea occurs, the drug should be discontinued. Large bowel endoscopy should be considered to establish a definitive diagnosis in cases of severe diarrhea.

    Antiperistaltic agents such as opiates and diphenoxylate with atropine may prolong and/or worsen the condition. Vancomycin has been found to be effective in the treatment of antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis produced by Clostridium difficile. The usual adult dosage is 500 milligrams to 2 grams of vancomycin orally per day in three to four divided doses administered for 7 to 10 days. Cholestyramine or colestipol resins bind vancomycin in vitro. If both a resin and vancomycin are to be administered concurrently, it may be advisable to separate the time of administration of each drug.

    Diarrhea, colitis, and pseudomembranous colitis have been observed to begin up to several weeks following cessation of oral and parenteral therapy with clindamycin.

  • PRECAUTIONS

    General

    Clindamycin Phosphate Topical Solution contains an alcohol base which will cause burning and irritation of the eye. In the event of accidental contact with sensitive surfaces (eye, abraded skin, mucous membranes), bathe with copious amounts of cool tap water. The solution has an unpleasant taste and caution should be exercised when applying medication around the mouth.

    Clindamycin Phosphate Topical Solution should be prescribed with caution in atopic individuals.

    Drug Interactions

    Clindamycin has been shown to have neuromuscular blocking properties that may enhance the action of other neuromuscular blocking agents. Therefore, it should be used with caution in patients receiving such agents.

    Pregnancy

    Teratogenic effects

    In clinical trials with pregnant women, the systemic administration of clindamycin during the second and third trimesters has not been associated with an increased frequency of congenital abnormalities. There are no adequate studies in pregnant women during the first trimester of pregnancy. Clindamycin should be used during the first trimester of pregnancy only if clearly needed.

    Nursing Mothers

    It is not known whether clindamycin is excreted in breast milk following use of Clindamycin Phosphate Topical Solution. However, orally and parenterally administered clindamycin has been reported to appear in breast milk. Clindamycin has the potential to cause adverse effects on the breast-fed infant's gastrointestinal flora. Monitor the breast-fed infant for possible adverse effects on the gastrointestinal flora, such as diarrhea, candidiasis (thrush, diaper rash) or rarely, blood in the stool indicating possible antibiotic-associated colitis.

    The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother's clinical need for clindamycin and any potential adverse effects on the breast-fed child from clindamycin or from the underlying maternal condition.

    Clinical Considerations

    If used during lactation and Clindamycin Phosphate Topical Solution is applied to the chest, care should be taken to avoid accidental ingestion by the infant.

    Pediatric Use

    Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients under the age of 12 have not been established.

    Geriatric Use

    Clinical studies for Clindamycin Phosphate Topical Solution did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects. Other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients.

  • ADVERSE REACTIONS

    In 18 clinical studies of various formulations of clindamycin phosphate using placebo vehicle and/or active comparator drugs as controls, patients experienced a number of treatment emergent adverse dermatologic events [see table below].

    Number of Patients Reporting Events
    Treatment Emergent Adverse EventSolution
    n=533 (%)
    Gel
    n=148 (%)
    Lotion
    n=160 (%)
    *
    not recorded
    of 126 subjects
    Burning62 (11)15 (10)17 (11)
    Itching36 (7)15 (10)17 (11)
    Burning/Itching60 (11)* (-)* (-)
    Dryness105 (19)34 (23)29 (18)
    Erythema86 (16)10 (7)22 (14)
    Oiliness/Oily Skin8 (1)26 (18)12(10)
    Peeling61 (11)* (-)11 (7)

    Orally and parenterally administered clindamycin has been associated with severe colitis which may end fatally.

    Cases of diarrhea, bloody diarrhea and colitis (including pseudomembranous colitis) have been reported as adverse reactions in patients treated with oral and parenteral formulations of clindamycin and rarely with topical clindamycin (see WARNINGS).

    Abdominal pain, gastrointestinal disturbances, gram-negative folliculitis, eye pain and contact dermatitis have also been reported in association with the use of topical formulations of clindamycin.

  • OVERDOSAGE

    Topically applied clindamycin phosphate can be absorbed in sufficient amounts to produce systemic effects (see WARNINGS).

  • DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

    Topically applied clindamycin phosphate can be absorbed in sufficient amounts to produce systemic effects (see WARNINGS).

    Apply a thin film of Clindamycin Phosphate Topical Solution twice daily to affected area.

    Keep all liquid dosage forms in containers tightly closed.

  • HOW SUPPLIED

    Clindamycin Phosphate Topical Solution USP, 1% containing clindamycin phosphate equivalent to 10 mg clindamycin per milliliter is available in the following sizes:

    1 oz (30 mL) applicator bottleNDC 51672-4081-3
    2 oz (60 mL) applicator bottleNDC 51672-4081-4

    Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].

    Protect from freezing.

  • SPL UNCLASSIFIED SECTION

    Mfd. by: Taro Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Haifa Bay, Israel 2624761

    Dist. by: Taro Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc., Hawthorne, NY 10532

    Revised: March, 2021
    5201445-0321-9
    386

  • PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - 30 mL Bottle Carton

    30 mL

    NDC 51672-4081-3

    Clindamycin
    Phosphate
    Topical Solution
    USP, 1%

    FOR EXTERNAL
    USE ONLY.
    AVOID CONTACT
    WITH EYES.

    Equivalent to 1%
    (10 mg/mL)
    clindamycin

    Keep this and all
    medications out of the
    reach of children.

    Rx only

    TARO

    PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - 30 mL Bottle Carton
  • INGREDIENTS AND APPEARANCE
    CLINDAMYCIN PHOSPHATE 
    clindamycin phosphate solution
    Product Information
    Product TypeHUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUGItem Code (Source)NDC:51672-4081
    Route of AdministrationTOPICAL
    Active Ingredient/Active Moiety
    Ingredient NameBasis of StrengthStrength
    Clindamycin phosphate (UNII: EH6D7113I8) (Clindamycin - UNII:3U02EL437C) Clindamycin10 mg  in 1 mL
    Inactive Ingredients
    Ingredient NameStrength
    isopropyl alcohol (UNII: ND2M416302)  
    propylene glycol (UNII: 6DC9Q167V3)  
    water (UNII: 059QF0KO0R)  
    Packaging
    #Item CodePackage DescriptionMarketing Start DateMarketing End Date
    1NDC:51672-4081-31 in 1 CARTON03/31/2004
    130 mL in 1 BOTTLE, WITH APPLICATOR; Type 0: Not a Combination Product
    2NDC:51672-4081-41 in 1 CARTON03/31/2004
    260 mL in 1 BOTTLE, WITH APPLICATOR; Type 0: Not a Combination Product
    Marketing Information
    Marketing CategoryApplication Number or Monograph CitationMarketing Start DateMarketing End Date
    ANDAANDA06518403/31/2004
    Labeler - Taro Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc. (145186370)
    Establishment
    NameAddressID/FEIBusiness Operations
    Taro Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.600072078MANUFACTURE(51672-4081)