DESCRIPTION

DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE Rhinal Tube is a synthetic analogue of the natural pituitary hormone 8-arginine vasopressin (ADH), an antidiuretic hormone affecting renal water conservation. It is chemically defined as follows:

Mol. wt. 1183.34
Empirical formula: C 46H 64N 14O 12S 2•C 2H 4O 2•3H 2O

1-(3-mercaptopropionic acid)-8-D-arginine vasopressin monoacetate (salt) trihydrate.

DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE Rhinal Tube is provided as an aqueous solution for intranasal use.

Each mL contains:

CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY

DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE Rhinal Tube contains as active substance desmopressin acetate, a synthetic analogue of the natural hormone arginine vasopressin. One mL (0.1 mg) of intranasal DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE has an antidiuretic activity of about 400 IU; 10 mcg of desmopressin acetate is equivalent to 40 IU.

1. The biphasic half-lives for intranasal DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE were 7.8 and 75.5 minutes for the fast and slow phases, compared with 2.5 and 14.5 minutes for lysine vasopressin, another form of the hormone used in this condition. As a result, intranasal DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE provides a prompt onset of antidiuretic action with a long duration after each administration.
2. The change in structure of arginine vasopressin to DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE has resulted in a decreased vasopressor action and decreased actions on visceral smooth muscle relative to the enhanced antidiuretic activity, so that clinically effective antidiuretic doses are usually below threshold levels for effects on vascular or visceral smooth muscle.
3. DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE administered intranasally has an antidiuretic effect about one-tenth that of an equivalent dose administered by injection.

Human Pharmacokinetics: DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE is mainly excreted in the urine. A pharmacokinetic study conducted in healthy volunteers and patients with mild, moderate, and severe renal impairment (n=24, 6 subjects in each group) receiving single dose desmopressin acetate (2mcg) injection demonstrated a difference in DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE terminal half-life. Terminal half-life significantly increased from 3 hours in normal healthy patients to 9 hours in patients with severe renal impairment. (See CONTRAINDICATIONS.)

INDICATIONS AND USAGE

Central Cranial Diabetes Insipidus:  DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE Rhinal Tube is indicated as antidiuretic replacement therapy in the management of central cranial diabetes insipidus and for management of the temporary polyuria and polydipsia following head trauma or surgery in the pituitary region. It is ineffective for the treatment of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.

The use of  DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE Rhinal Tube in patients with an established diagnosis will result in a reduction in urinary output with increase in urine osmolality and a decrease in plasma osmolality. This will allow the resumption of a more normal life-style with a decrease in urinary frequency and nocturia.

There are reports of an occasional change in response with time, usually greater than 6 months. Some patients may show a decreased responsiveness, others a shortened duration of effect. There is no evidence this effect is due to the development of binding antibodies but may be due to a local inactivation of the peptide.

Patients are selected for therapy by establishing the diagnosis by means of the water deprivation test, the hypertonic saline infusion test, and/or the response to antidiuretic hormone. Continued response to intranasal DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE can be monitored by urine volume and osmolality.

DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE is also available as a solution for injection when the intranasal route may be compromised. These situations include nasal congestion and blockage, nasal discharge, atrophy of nasal mucosa, and severe atrophic rhinitis. Intranasal delivery may also be inappropriate where there is an impaired level of consciousness. In addition, cranial surgical procedures, such as transsphenoidal hypophysectomy create situations where an alternative route of administration is needed as in cases of nasal packing or recovery from surgery.

CONTRAINDICATIONS

DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE Rhinal Tube is contraindicated in individuals with known hypersensitivity to desmopressin acetate or to any of the components of  DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE Rhinal Tube.

DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE is contraindicated in patients with moderate to severe renal impairment (defined as a creatinine clearance below 50mL/min).

DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE is contraindicated in patients with hyponatremia or a history of hyponatremia.

WARNINGS

1. For intranasal use only.
2. DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE Rhinal Tube should only be used in patients where orally administered formulations are not feasible.
3. Very rare cases of hyponatremia have been reported from world-wide postmarketing experience in patients treated with DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE (desmopressin acetate). DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE is a potent antidiuretic which, when administered, may lead to water intoxication and/or hyponatremia. Unless properly diagnosed and treated hyponatremia can be fatal. Therefore, fluid restriction is recommended and should be discussed with the patient and/or guardian. Careful medical supervision is required.
4. When DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE is administered, in particular, in pediatric and geriatric patients, fluid intake should be adjusted downward in order to decrease the potential occurrence of water intoxication and hyponatremia. (See PRECAUTIONS, Pediatric Use and Geriatric Use.) All patients receiving DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE therapy should be observed for the following signs or symptoms associated with hyponatremia: headache, nausea/vomiting, decreased serum sodium, weight gain, restlessness, fatigue, lethargy, disorientation, depressed reflexes, loss of appetite, irritability, muscle weakness, muscle spasms or cramps and abnormal mental status such as hallucinations, decreased consciousness and confusion. Severe symptoms may include one or a combination of the following: seizure, coma and/or respiratory arrest. Particular attention should be paid to the possibility of the rare occurrence of an extreme decrease in plasma osmolality that may result in seizures which could lead to coma.
5. DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE should be used with caution in patients with habitual or psychogenic polydipsia who may be more likely to drink excessive amounts of water, putting them at greater risk of hyponatremia.

PRECAUTIONS

ADVERSE REACTIONS

Infrequently, high dosages of intranasal DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE have produced transient headache and nausea. Nasal congestion, rhinitis and flushing have also been reported occasionally along with mild abdominal cramps. These symptoms disappeared with reduction in dosage. Nosebleed, sore throat, cough and upper respiratory infections have also been reported.

The following table lists the percent of patients having adverse experiences without regard to relationship to study drug from the pooled pivotal study data for nocturnal enuresis.

Post Marketing: There have been rare reports of hyponatremic convulsions associated with concomitant use with the following medications: oxybutinin and imipramine.

See  WARNINGS  for the possibility of water intoxication and hyponatremia.

OVERDOSAGE

Signs of overdose may include confusion, drowsiness, continuing headache, problems with passing urine and rapid weight gain due to fluid retention. (See WARNINGS.) In case of overdosage, the dose should be reduced, frequency of administration decreased, or drug withdrawn according to the severity of the condition. There is no known specific antidote for desmopressin acetate or DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE Rhinal Tube.

An oral LD 50 has not been established. An intravenous dose of 2 mg/kg in mice demonstrated no effect.

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

Central Cranial Diabetes Insipidus: This drug is administered into the nose through a soft, flexible plastic rhinal tube which has four graduation marks on it that measure 0.2, 0.15, 0.1 and 0.05 mL. DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE Rhinal Tube dosage must be determined for each individual patient and adjusted according to the diurnal pattern of response. Response should be estimated by two parameters: adequate duration of sleep and adequate, not excessive, water turnover. Patients with nasal congestion and blockage have often responded well to intranasal DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE. The usual dosage range in adults is 0.1 to 0.4 mL daily, either as a single dose or divided into two or three doses. Most adults require 0.2 mL daily in two divided doses. The morning and evening doses should be separately adjusted for an adequate diurnal rhythm of water turnover. For children aged 3 months to 12 years, the usual dosage range is 0.05 to 0.3 mL daily, either as a single dose or divided into two doses. About 1/4 to 1/3 of patients can be controlled by a single daily dose of DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE administered intranasally. Fluid restriction should be observed. (See WARNINGS, PRECAUTIONS, Pediatric Use and Geriatric Use.)

Geriatric Use: This drug is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney, and the risk of toxic reactions to this drug may be greater in patients with impaired renal function. Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selection, and it may be useful to monitor renal function. (See CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, Human Pharmacokinetics, CONTRAINDICATIONS, and PRECAUTIONS, Geriatric Use.)

HOW SUPPLIED

DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE Rhinal Tube is available in a 2.5 mL bottle, packaged with two rhinal tube applicators per carton (NDC 55566-5020-1). Also available in shelf packs of 10 × 2.5 mL vials (NDC 55566-5020-2).

Store refrigerated 2 to 8°C (36 to 46°F). When traveling, closed bottles will maintain stability for 3 weeks when stored at controlled room temperature, 20 to 25°C (68 to 77°F).

Keep out of the reach of children.

US Patent Nos. 5,500,413; 5,674,850; 5,763,407

Manufactured for

FERRING PHARMACEUTICALS INC.

PARSIPPANY, NJ 07054

By Ferring GmbH

Kiel, Germany

Rev. November 2011

6026-06

PATIENT INSTRUCTION GUIDE

DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE

Rhinal Tube

Ensure that in children administration is under adult supervision in order to control the dose intake.

If you accidentally deliver/administer too much of a dose, immediately telephone your doctor or a certified Regional Poison Center for advice. Possible signs of overdose may include confusion, drowsiness, continuing headache, problems with passing urine and rapid weight gain due to fluid retention.

• Pull plastic tag on neck of bottle.
•  
• 
• Break security seal and remove plastic cap. 
• 
  
  
• Twist off the small knurled seal from the dropper. Use the same seal reversed to prevent subsequent leakage,especially if the bottle is not stored upright. 
  
  
  
  
• The drug is administered by a soft, flexible, plastic rhinal tube which has dose marks at 0.2, 0.15, 0.1 and 0.05 mL. Take the arrow-marked part of the tube in one hand and place the fingers of the other hand around the cylindrical part of the closure. Insert the top of the dropper in a downward position into the arrow-marked end of the tube and squeeze the dropper until the solution has reached the desired calibration mark. The dose is measured from the arrow-marked end of the tube to the appropriate calibration. Disconnect the tube from the bottle by withdrawing the bottle quickly downwards. In order to prevent air bubbles from forming in the tube, maintain constant pressure on the dropper. If difficulty is experienced in filling the tube, a diabetic or tuberculin syringe may be used to draw up the dose and load the tube. 
  
  
  
  
• Hold the tube with the fingers approximately ¾ inch from the end and insert into a nostril until the tips of the fingers reach the nostril. 
  
  
  
  
• Put the other end of the tube into the mouth. Hold the breath, tilt the head back and then blow with a short, strong puff through the tube so that the solution reaches the right place in the nasal cavity. Through this procedure, medication is limited to the nasal cavity and the preparation does not pass down into the throat.

  In very young patients, it may be necessary for an adult to blow the solution into the child's nose. In such cases, the tube will not need to be put into the nose as far as in the older child or adult. The tube should be placed in the nose gently just far enough so that the solution does not run out. A baby must be held firmly and securely.

   
  
  
  
  
• After use, reseal dropper tip and close the bottle with the plastic cap.Wash the tube in water and shake thoroughly, until no more water is left. The tube can then be used for the next application.

IMPORTANT:

Replace Knurled Seal

Store refrigerated 2 to 8°C (36 to 46°F). When traveling, closed bottles will maintain stability for 3 weeks when stored at controlled room temperature, 20 to 25°C (68 to 77°F).

Manufactured for
FERRING PHARMACEUTICALS INC.
PARSIPPANY, NJ 07054

By Ferring GmbH

Kiel, Germany

Rev. November 2011

6026-06

PACKAGE LABEL - LABEL

NDC 55566-5020-1

DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE Rhinal Tube

0.01% Nasal Solution

2.5 mL

1.0 mL Contains: desmopressin acetate 0.1 mg

Read accompanying instructions.

STORE REFRIGERATED

2 to 8° C (36 to 46°F)

Rx only

Manufactured for

FERRING PHARMACEUTICALS INC.

PARSIPPANY, NJ 07054

By Ferring GmbH

Kiel, Germany

6025-05

Exp. Date:

Lot No.:

PACKAGE LABEL - CARTON

Before use, carefully read the accompanying instructions.

Rx only

55566 50201

V.3

NDS 55566-5020-1

DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE Rhinal Tube

0.01% NASAL SOLUTION

STORE REFRIGERATED 2 to 8°C (36 to 46°F)

2.5 mL

Attention Pharmacist-dispense enclosed patient instructions with product.

FERRING PHARMACEUTICALS

Exp.:

Lot:

Desmopressin acetate Rhinal Tube delivers 10 mcg per 0.1 mL.

See package insert for detailed dosage instructions.

1mL Contains:

Desmopressin acetate 0.1 mg

Chlorobutanol 5.0 mg

Sodium chloride 9.0 mg

Purified water, USP to 1 mL

Hydrochloric acid to adjust pH to approximately 4

Manufactured for

FERRING PHARMACEUTICALS INC.

PARSIPPANY, NJ 07054

By

Ferring GmbH

Kiel, Germany

6027-05

NSN 6505-01-145-6338

DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE Rhinal Tube

0.01% NASAL SOLUTION

2.5 mL

NDC 55566-5020-1

DESMOPRESSIN ACETATE Rhinal Tube

0.01% NASAL SOLUTION

STORE REFRIGERATED 2 to 8°C (36 to 46°F)

2.5 mL

Attention Pharmacist-dispense enclosed patient instructions with product.

FERRING PHARMACEUTICALS