LEVOTHYROXINE SODIUM- levothyroxine sodium tablet
Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc.
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HIGHLIGHTS OF PRESCRIBING INFORMATIONThese highlights do not include all the information needed to use LEVOTHYROXINE SODIUM TABLETS safely and effectively. See full prescribing information for LEVOTHYROXINE SODIUM TABLETS.
LEVOTHYROXINE SODIUM tablets, for oral use Initial U.S. Approval: 2002 WARNING: NOT FOR TREATMENT OF OBESITY OR FOR WEIGHT LOSSSee full prescribing information for complete boxed warning.RECENT MAJOR CHANGES
Dosage and Administration, Important Considerations for Dosage and Administration, Monitoring TSH and/or Thyroxine INDICATIONS AND USAGELevothyroxine sodium tablets are a L-thyroxine (T4) indicated in adult and pediatric patients, including neonates, for:
Limitations of Use:
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHSTablets: 25, 50, 75, 88, 100, 112, 125, 137, 150, 175, 200, and 300 mcg (3) CONTRAINDICATIONS
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
ADVERSE REACTIONSAdverse reactions associated with levothyroxine sodium tablets therapy are primarily those of hyperthyroidism due to therapeutic overdosage: arrhythmias, myocardial infarction, dyspnea, muscle spasm, headache, nervousness, irritability, insomnia, tremors, muscle weakness, increased appetite, weight loss, diarrhea, heat intolerance, menstrual irregularities, and skin rash. (6) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Mylan at 1-877-446-3679 (1-877-4-INFO-RX) or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. DRUG INTERACTIONSSee full prescribing information for drugs that affect thyroid hormone pharmacokinetics and metabolism (e.g., absorption, synthesis, secretion, catabolism, protein binding, and target tissue response) and may alter the therapeutic response to levothyroxine sodium tablets. (7) USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONSSee 17 for PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION. Revised: 4/2024 |
Thyroid hormones, including levothyroxine sodium tablets, either alone or with other therapeutic agents, should not be used for the treatment of obesity or for weight loss.
In euthyroid patients, doses within the range of daily hormonal requirements are ineffective for weight reduction.
Larger doses may produce serious or even life-threatening manifestations of toxicity, particularly when given in association with sympathomimetic amines such as those used for their anorectic effects [see Adverse Reactions (6), Drug Interactions (7.7), and Overdosage (10)].
Hypothyroidism
Levothyroxine sodium tablets are indicated in adult and pediatric patients, including neonates, as a replacement therapy in primary (thyroidal), secondary (pituitary), and tertiary (hypothalamic) congenital or acquired hypothyroidism.
Pituitary Thyrotropin (Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone, TSH) Suppression
Levothyroxine sodium tablets are indicated in adult and pediatric patients, including neonates, as an adjunct to surgery and radioiodine therapy in the management of thyrotropin-dependent well-differentiated thyroid cancer.
Limitations of Use
Administer levothyroxine sodium tablets as a single daily dose, on an empty stomach, one-half to one hour before breakfast.
Administer levothyroxine sodium tablets at least 4 hours before or after drugs known to interfere with levothyroxine sodium tablets absorption [see Drug Interactions (7.1)].
Evaluate the need for dosage adjustments when regularly administering within one hour of certain foods that may affect levothyroxine sodium tablets absorption [see Dosage and Administration (2.2 and 2.3), Drug Interactions (7.9), and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
Administer levothyroxine sodium tablets to pediatric patients who cannot swallow intact tablets by crushing the tablet, suspending the freshly crushed tablet in a small amount (5 to 10 mL) of water and immediately administering the suspension by spoon or dropper. Ensure the patient ingests the full amount of the suspension. Do not store the suspension. Do not administer in foods that decrease absorption of levothyroxine sodium tablets, such as soybean-based infant formula [see Drug Interactions (7.9)].
The dosage of levothyroxine sodium tablets for hypothyroidism or pituitary TSH suppression depends on a variety of factors including: the patient's age, body weight, cardiovascular status, concomitant medical conditions (including pregnancy), concomitant medications, co-administered food and the specific nature of the condition being treated [see Dosage and Administration (2.3), Warnings and Precautions (5), and Drug Interactions (7)]. Dosing must be individualized to account for these factors and dosage adjustments made based on periodic assessment of the patient's clinical response and laboratory parameters [see Dosage and Administration (2.4)].
For adult patients with primary hypothyroidism, titrate until the patient is clinically euthyroid and the serum TSH returns to normal [see Dosage and Administration (2.3)].
For secondary or tertiary hypothyroidism, serum TSH is not a reliable measure of levothyroxine sodium tablets dosage adequacy and should not be used to monitor therapy. Use the serum free-T4 level to titrate levothyroxine sodium tablets dosing until the patient is clinically euthyroid and the serum free-T4 level is restored to the upper half of the normal range [see Dosage and Administration (2.3)].
Inquire whether patients are taking biotin or biotin-containing supplements. If so, advise them to stop biotin supplementation at least 2 days before assessing TSH and/or T4 levels [see Dosage and Administration (2.4) and Drug Interactions (7.10)].
The peak therapeutic effect of a given dose of levothyroxine sodium tablets may not be attained for 4 to 6 weeks.
The recommended starting daily dosage of levothyroxine sodium tablets in adults with primary, secondary, or tertiary hypothyroidism is based on age and comorbid cardiac conditions, as described in Table 1. For patients at risk of atrial fibrillation or patients with underlying cardiac disease, start with a lower dosage and titrate the dosage more slowly to avoid exacerbation of cardiac symptoms. Dosage titration is based on serum TSH or free-T4 [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)].
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Patient Population |
Starting Dosage |
Dosage Titration Based on |
Adults diagnosed with hypothyroidism |
Full replacement dose is 1.6 mcg/kg/day. Some patients require a lower starting dose. |
Titrate dosage by 12.5 to 25 mcg increments every 4 to 6 weeks, as needed until the patient is euthyroid. |
Adults at risk for atrial fibrillation or with underlying cardiac disease |
Lower starting dose (less than 1.6 mcg/kg/day) |
Titrate dosage every 6 to 8 weeks, as needed until the patient is euthyroid. |
Geriatric patients |
Lower starting dose (less than 1.6 mcg/kg/day) |
The recommended starting daily dosage of levothyroxine sodium tablets in pediatric patients with primary, secondary, or tertiary hypothyroidism is based on body weight and changes with age as described in Table 2. Titrate the dosage (every 2 weeks) as needed based on serum TSH or free-T4 until the patient is euthyroid [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)].
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|
Age |
Starting Daily Dosage Per Kg Body Weight* |
0-3 months |
10-15 mcg/kg/day |
3-6 months |
8-10 mcg/kg/day |
6-12 months |
6-8 mcg/kg/day |
1-5 years |
5-6 mcg/kg/day |
6-12 years |
4-5 mcg/kg/day |
Greater than 12 years but growth and puberty incomplete |
2-3 mcg/kg/day |
Growth and puberty complete |
1.6 mcg/kg/day |
For pregnant patients with pre-existing hypothyroidism, measure serum TSH and free-T4 as soon as pregnancy is confirmed and, at minimum, during each trimester of pregnancy. In pregnant patients with primary hypothyroidism, maintain serum TSH in the trimester-specific reference range.
The recommended daily dosage of levothyroxine sodium tablets in pregnant patients is described in Table 3.
Patient Population |
Starting Dosage |
Dose Adjustment and Titration |
Pre-existing primary hypothyroidism with serum TSH above normal trimester-specific range |
Pre-pregnancy dosage may increase during pregnancy |
Increase levothyroxine sodium tablets dosage by 12.5 to 25 mcg per day. Monitor TSH every 4 weeks until a stable dose is reached and serum TSH is within normal trimester-specific range. Reduce levothyroxine sodium tablets dosage to pre-pregnancy levels immediately after delivery. Monitor serum TSH 4 to 8 weeks postpartum. |
New onset hypothyroidism (TSH ≥ 10 mIU per liter) |
1.6 mcg/kg/day |
Monitor serum TSH every 4 weeks and adjust levothyroxine sodium tablets dosage until serum TSH is within normal trimester-specific range. |
New onset hypothyroidism (TSH < 10 mIU per liter) |
1.0 mcg/kg/day |
Assess the adequacy of therapy by periodic assessment of laboratory tests and clinical evaluation.
Biotin supplementation may interfere with immunoassays for TSH, T4, and T3, resulting in erroneous thyroid hormone test results. Stop biotin and biotin-containing supplements for at least 2 days before assessing TSH and/or T4 levels [see Drug Interactions (7.10)].
Persistent clinical and laboratory evidence of hypothyroidism despite an apparent adequate replacement dose of levothyroxine sodium tablets may be evidence of inadequate absorption, poor compliance, drug interactions, or a combination of these factors.
In adult patients with primary hypothyroidism, monitor serum TSH levels after an interval of 6 to 8 weeks after any change in dosage. In patients on a stable and appropriate replacement dosage, evaluate clinical and biochemical response every 6 to 12 months and whenever there is a change in the patient’s clinical status.
In patients with hypothyroidism, assess the adequacy of replacement therapy by measuring both serum TSH and total or free-T4. Monitor TSH and total or free-T4 in pediatric patients as follows: 2 and 4 weeks after the initiation of treatment, 2 weeks after any change in dosage, and then every 3 to 12 months thereafter following dosage stabilization until growth is completed. Poor compliance or abnormal values may necessitate more frequent monitoring. Perform routine clinical examination, including assessment of development, mental and physical growth, and bone maturation, at regular intervals.
The general aim of therapy is to normalize the serum TSH level. TSH may not normalize in some patients due to in utero hypothyroidism causing a resetting of pituitary-thyroid feedback. Failure of the serum T4 to increase into the upper half of the normal range within 2 weeks of initiation of levothyroxine sodium tablets therapy and/or of the serum TSH to decrease below 20 mIU per liter within 4 weeks may indicate the patient is not receiving adequate therapy. Assess compliance, dose of medication administered, and method of administration prior to increasing the dose of levothyroxine sodium tablets [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) and Use in Specific Populations (8.4)].
Levothyroxine Sodium Tablets, USP are available containing 25 mcg, 50 mcg, 75 mcg, 88 mcg, 100 mcg, 112 mcg, 125 mcg, 137 mcg, 150 mcg, 175 mcg, 200 mcg or 300 mcg of levothyroxine sodium, USP.
Levothyroxine sodium tablets are contraindicated in patients with uncorrected adrenal insufficiency [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)].
Levothyroxine sodium tablets have a narrow therapeutic index. Overtreatment or undertreatment with levothyroxine sodium tablets may have negative effects on growth and development, cardiovascular function, bone metabolism, reproductive function, cognitive function, gastrointestinal function, and glucose and lipid metabolism in adult or pediatric patients.
In pediatric patients with congenital and acquired hypothyroidism, undertreatment may adversely affect cognitive development and linear growth, and overtreatment is associated with craniosynostosis and acceleration of bone age [see Use in Specific Populations (8.4)].
Titrate the dose of levothyroxine sodium tablets carefully and monitor response to titration to avoid these effects [see Dosage and Administration (2.4)]. Consider the potential for food or drug interactions and adjust the administration or dosage of levothyroxine sodium tablets as needed [see Dosage and Administration (2.1), Drug Interactions (7.1), and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
Over-treatment with levothyroxine may cause an increase in heart rate, cardiac wall thickness, and cardiac contractility and may precipitate angina or arrhythmias, particularly in patients with cardiovascular disease and in elderly patients. Initiate levothyroxine sodium tablets therapy in this population at lower doses than those recommended in younger individuals or in patients without cardiac disease [see Dosage and Administration (2.3) and Use in Specific Populations (8.5)].
Monitor for cardiac arrhythmias during surgical procedures in patients with coronary artery disease receiving suppressive levothyroxine sodium tablets therapy. Monitor patients receiving concomitant levothyroxine sodium tablets and sympathomimetic agents for signs and symptoms of coronary insufficiency.
If cardiac symptoms develop or worsen, reduce the levothyroxine sodium tablets dose or withhold for one week and restart at a lower dose.
Myxedema coma is a life-threatening emergency characterized by poor circulation and hypometabolism and may result in unpredictable absorption of levothyroxine sodium from the gastrointestinal tract. Use of oral thyroid hormone drug products is not recommended to treat myxedema coma. Administer thyroid hormone products formulated for intravenous administration to treat myxedema coma.
Thyroid hormone increases metabolic clearance of glucocorticoids. Initiation of thyroid hormone therapy prior to initiating glucocorticoid therapy may precipitate an acute adrenal crisis in patients with adrenal insufficiency. Treat patients with adrenal insufficiency with replacement glucocorticoids prior to initiating treatment with levothyroxine sodium tablets [see Contraindications (4)].
Addition of levothyroxine therapy in patients with diabetes mellitus may worsen glycemic control and result in increased antidiabetic agent or insulin requirements. Carefully monitor glycemic control after starting, changing, or discontinuing levothyroxine sodium tablets [see Drug Interactions (7.2)].
Increased bone resorption and decreased bone mineral density may occur as a result of levothyroxine over-replacement, particularly in post-menopausal women. The increased bone resorption may be associated with increased serum levels and urinary excretion of calcium and phosphorous, elevations in bone alkaline phosphatase, and suppressed serum parathyroid hormone levels. Administer the minimum dose of levothyroxine sodium tablets that achieves the desired clinical and biochemical response to mitigate this risk.
Adverse reactions associated with levothyroxine sodium tablets therapy are primarily those of hyperthyroidism due to therapeutic overdosage [see Warnings and Precautions (5) and Overdosage (10)]. They include the following:
Seizures have been reported rarely with the institution of levothyroxine therapy.
Adverse Reactions in Pediatric Patients
Pseudotumor cerebri and slipped capital femoral epiphysis have been reported in pediatric patients receiving levothyroxine therapy. Overtreatment may result in craniosynostosis in infants who have not undergone complete closure of the fontanelles, and in premature closure of the epiphyses in pediatric patients still experiencing growth with resultant compromised adult height.
Hypersensitivity Reactions
Hypersensitivity reactions to inactive ingredients have occurred in patients treated with thyroid hormone products. These include urticaria, pruritus, skin rash, flushing, angioedema, various gastrointestinal symptoms (abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea), fever, arthralgia, serum sickness, and wheezing. Hypersensitivity to levothyroxine itself is not known to occur.
Many drugs can exert effects on thyroid hormone pharmacokinetics and metabolism (e.g., absorption, synthesis, secretion, catabolism, protein binding, and target tissue response) and may alter the therapeutic response to levothyroxine sodium tablets (Tables 5 to 8).
Potential impact: Concurrent use may reduce the efficacy of levothyroxine sodium tablets by binding and delaying or preventing absorption, potentially resulting in hypothyroidism. |
|
Drug or Drug Class |
Effect |
Phosphate Binders
|
Phosphate binders may bind to levothyroxine. Administer levothyroxine sodium tablets at least 4 hours apart from these agents. |
Orlistat |
Monitor patients treated concomitantly with orlistat and levothyroxine sodium tablets for changes in thyroid function. |
Bile Acid Sequestrants
Ion Exchange Resins
|
Bile acid sequestrants and ion exchange resins are known to decrease levothyroxine absorption. Administer levothyroxine sodium tablets at least 4 hours prior to these drugs or monitor TSH levels. |
Proton Pump Inhibitors Sucralfate Antacids
|
Gastric acidity is an essential requirement for adequate absorption of levothyroxine. Sucralfate, antacids and proton pump inhibitors may cause hypochlorhydria, affect intragastric pH, and reduce levothyroxine absorption. Monitor patients appropriately. |
Drug or Drug Class |
Effect |
Clofibrate Estrogen-containing oral contraceptives Estrogens (oral) Heroin / Methadone 5-Fluorouracil Mitotane Tamoxifen |
These drugs may increase serum thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) concentration. |
Androgens / Anabolic Steroids Asparaginase Glucocorticoids Slow-Release Nicotinic Acid |
These drugs may decrease serum TBG concentration. |
Potential impact (below): Administration of these agents with levothyroxine sodium tablets results in an initial transient increase in FT4. Continued administration results in a decrease in serum T4 and normal FT4 and TSH concentrations. |
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Salicylates (> 2 g/day) |
Salicylates inhibit binding of T4 and T3 to TBG and transthyretin. An initial increase in serum FT4 is followed by return of FT4 to normal levels with sustained therapeutic serum salicylate concentrations, although total T4 levels may decrease by as much as 30%. |
Other drugs: Carbamazepine Hydantoins Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory - Fenamates |
These drugs may cause protein-binding site displacement. Furosemide has been shown to inhibit the protein binding of T4 to TBG and albumin, causing an increase free T4 fraction in serum. Furosemide competes for T4-binding sites on TBG, prealbumin, and albumin, so that a single high dose can acutely lower the total T4 level. Phenytoin and carbamazepine reduce serum protein binding of levothyroxine, and total and free T4 may be reduced by 20% to 40%, but most patients have normal serum TSH levels and are clinically euthyroid. Closely monitor thyroid hormone parameters. |
Potential impact: Stimulation of hepatic microsomal drug-metabolizing enzyme activity may cause increased hepatic degradation of levothyroxine, resulting in increased levothyroxine sodium tablets requirements. |
|
Drug or Drug Class |
Effect |
Phenobarbital Rifampin |
Phenobarbital has been shown to reduce the response to thyroxine. Phenobarbital increases L-thyroxine metabolism by inducing uridine 5’-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) and leads to lower T4 serum levels. Changes in thyroid status may occur if barbiturates are added or withdrawn from patients being treated for hypothyroidism. Rifampin has been shown to accelerate the metabolism of levothyroxine. |
Potential impact: Administration of these enzyme inhibitors decreases the peripheral conversion of T4 to T3, leading to decreased T3 levels. However, serum T4 levels are usually normal but may occasionally be slightly increased. |
|
Drug or Drug Class |
Effect |
Beta-adrenergic antagonists (e.g., Propranolol > 160 mg/day) |
In patients treated with large doses of propranolol (> 160 mg/day), T3 and T4 levels change, TSH levels remain normal, and patients are clinically euthyroid. Actions of particular beta-adrenergic antagonists may be impaired when a hypothyroid patient is converted to the euthyroid state. |
Glucocorticoids (e.g., Dexamethasone ≥ 4 mg/day) |
Short-term administration of large doses of glucocorticoids may decrease serum T3 concentrations by 30% with minimal change in serum T4 levels. However, long-term glucocorticoid therapy may result in slightly decreased T3 and T4 levels due to decreased TBG production (See above). |
Other drugs: Amiodarone |
Amiodarone inhibits peripheral conversion of levothyroxine (T4) to triiodothyronine (T3) and may cause isolated biochemical changes (increase in serum free-T4, and decreased or normal free-T3) in clinically euthyroid patients. |
Addition of levothyroxine sodium tablets therapy in patients with diabetes mellitus may worsen glycemic control and result in increased antidiabetic agent or insulin requirements. Carefully monitor glycemic control, especially when thyroid therapy is started, changed, or discontinued [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)].
Levothyroxine sodium tablets increase the response to oral anticoagulant therapy. Therefore, a decrease in the dose of anticoagulant may be warranted with correction of the hypothyroid state or when the levothyroxine sodium tablets dose is increased. Closely monitor coagulation tests to permit appropriate and timely dosage adjustments.
Levothyroxine sodium tablets may reduce the therapeutic effects of digitalis glycosides. Serum digitalis glycoside levels may decrease when a hypothyroid patient becomes euthyroid, necessitating an increase in the dose of digitalis glycosides.
Concurrent use of tricyclic (e.g., amitriptyline) or tetracyclic (e.g., maprotiline) antidepressants and levothyroxine sodium tablets may increase the therapeutic and toxic effects of both drugs, possibly due to increased receptor sensitivity to catecholamines. Toxic effects may include increased risk of cardiac arrhythmias and central nervous system stimulation. Levothyroxine sodium tablets may accelerate the onset of action of tricyclics. Administration of sertraline in patients stabilized on levothyroxine sodium tablets may result in increased levothyroxine sodium tablets requirements.
Concurrent use of ketamine and levothyroxine sodium tablets may produce marked hypertension and tachycardia. Closely monitor blood pressure and heart rate in these patients.
Concurrent use of sympathomimetics and levothyroxine sodium tablets may increase the effects of sympathomimetics or thyroid hormone. Thyroid hormones may increase the risk of coronary insufficiency when sympathomimetic agents are administered to patients with coronary artery disease.
Concurrent use of tyrosine-kinase inhibitors such as imatinib may cause hypothyroidism. Closely monitor TSH levels in such patients.
Consumption of certain foods may affect levothyroxine sodium tablets absorption thereby necessitating adjustments in dosing [see Dosage and Administration (2.1)]. Soybean flour, cottonseed meal, walnuts, and dietary fiber may bind and decrease the absorption of levothyroxine sodium tablets from the gastrointestinal tract. Grapefruit juice may delay the absorption of levothyroxine and reduce its bioavailability.
Consider changes in TBG concentration when interpreting T4 and T3 values. Measure and evaluate unbound (free) hormone and/or determine the free-T4 index (FT4I) in this circumstance. Pregnancy, infectious hepatitis, estrogens, estrogen-containing oral contraceptives, and acute intermittent porphyria increase TBG concentration. Nephrosis, severe hypoproteinemia, severe liver disease, acromegaly, androgens, and corticosteroids decrease TBG concentration. Familial hyper- or hypo-thyroxine binding globulinemias have been described, with the incidence of TBG deficiency approximating 1 in 9000.
The clinical experience, including data from postmarketing studies, in pregnant women treated with oral levothyroxine to maintain euthyroid state have not reported increased rates of major birth defects, miscarriages, or other adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. There are risks to the mother and fetus associated with untreated hypothyroidism in pregnancy. Since TSH levels may increase during pregnancy, TSH should be monitored and levothyroxine sodium tablets dosage adjusted during pregnancy (see Clinical Considerations). Animal reproductive studies have not been conducted with levothyroxine sodium. Levothyroxine sodium tablets should not be discontinued during pregnancy and hypothyroidism diagnosed during pregnancy should be promptly treated.
The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively.
Maternal hypothyroidism during pregnancy is associated with a higher rate of complications, including spontaneous abortion, gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia, stillbirth, and premature delivery. Untreated maternal hypothyroidism may have an adverse effect on fetal neurocognitive development.
Pregnancy may increase levothyroxine sodium tablets requirements. Serum TSH levels should be monitored and the levothyroxine sodium tablets dosage adjusted during pregnancy. Since postpartum TSH levels are similar to preconception values, the levothyroxine sodium tablets dosage should return to the pre-pregnancy dose immediately after delivery [see Dosage and Administration (2.3)].
Published studies report that levothyroxine is present in human milk following the administration of oral levothyroxine. No adverse effects on the breastfed infant have been reported and there is no information on the effects of levothyroxine on milk production. Adequate levothyroxine treatment during lactation may normalize milk production in hypothyroid lactating mothers with low milk supply. The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother’s clinical need for levothyroxine sodium tablets and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed infant from levothyroxine sodium tablets or from the underlying maternal condition.
Levothyroxine sodium tablets are indicated in patients from birth to less than 17 years of age:
Rapid restoration of normal serum T4 concentrations is essential for preventing the adverse effects of congenital hypothyroidism on cognitive development as well as on overall physical growth and maturation. Therefore, initiate levothyroxine sodium tablets therapy immediately upon diagnosis. Levothyroxine is generally continued for life in these patients [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
Closely monitor infants during the first 2 weeks of levothyroxine sodium tablets therapy for cardiac overload and arrhythmias.
Because of the increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease among the elderly, initiate levothyroxine sodium tablets at less than the full replacement dose [see Dosage and Administration (2.3) and Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]. Atrial arrhythmias can occur in elderly patients. Atrial fibrillation is the most common of the arrhythmias observed with levothyroxine overtreatment in the elderly.
The signs and symptoms of overdosage are those of hyperthyroidism [see Warnings and Precautions (5) and Adverse Reactions (6)]. In addition, confusion and disorientation may occur. Cerebral embolism, shock, coma, and death have been reported. Seizures occurred in a 3-year-old child ingesting 3.6 mg of levothyroxine. Symptoms may not necessarily be evident or may not appear until several days after ingestion of levothyroxine sodium.
Reduce the levothyroxine sodium tablets dosage or discontinue temporarily if signs or symptoms of overdosage occur. Initiate appropriate supportive treatment as dictated by the patient’s medical status.
For current information on the management of poisoning or overdosage, contact the National Poison Control Center at 1-800-222-1222 or www.poison.org.
Levothyroxine sodium tablets, USP is L-thyroxine (T4) and contains synthetic crystalline L-3,3',5,5'-tetraiodothyronine sodium salt. Synthetic T4 is chemically identical to that produced in the human thyroid gland. Levothyroxine (T4) sodium has an empirical formula of C15H10I4N NaO4 • H2O, molecular weight of 798.86 g/mol (anhydrous), and structural formula as shown:
Levothyroxine sodium tablets for oral administration are supplied in the following strengths: 25 mcg, 50 mcg, 75 mcg, 88 mcg, 100 mcg, 112 mcg, 125 mcg, 137 mcg, 150 mcg, 175 mcg, 200 mcg, and 300 mcg. Each levothyroxine sodium tablet contains the inactive ingredients butylated hydroxyanisole, colloidal silicon dioxide, crospovidone, magnesium stearate, mannitol, microcrystalline cellulose, povidone, sodium lauryl sulfate and sucrose. Table 9 provides a listing of the color additives by tablet strength:
Strength (mcg) |
Color additive(s) |
25 |
FD&C Yellow No. 6 Aluminum Lake |
50 |
None |
75 |
FD&C Blue No. 2 Aluminum Lake, FD&C Red No. 40 Aluminum Lake |
88 |
D&C Yellow No. 10 Aluminum Lake, FD&C Blue No. 1 Aluminum Lake, FD&C Yellow No. 6 Aluminum Lake |
100 |
D&C Yellow No. 10 Aluminum Lake, FD&C Yellow No. 6 Aluminum Lake |
112 |
D&C Red No. 27 Aluminum Lake, D&C Red No. 30 Aluminum Lake |
125 |
FD&C Blue No. 1 Aluminum Lake, FD&C Red No. 40 Aluminum Lake, FD&C Yellow No. 6 Aluminum Lake |
137 |
FD&C Blue No. 2 Aluminum Lake |
150 |
FD&C Blue No. 2 Aluminum Lake |
175 |
D&C Red No. 27 Aluminum Lake, D&C Red No. 30 Aluminum Lake, FD&C Blue No. 1 Aluminum Lake |
200 |
FD&C Red No. 40 Aluminum Lake |
300 |
D&C Yellow No. 10 Aluminum Lake, FD&C Blue No. 1 Aluminum Lake, FD&C Yellow No. 6 Aluminum Lake |
Thyroid hormones exert their physiologic actions through control of DNA transcription and protein synthesis. Triiodothyronine (T3) and L-thyroxine (T4) diffuse into the cell nucleus and bind to thyroid receptor proteins attached to DNA. This hormone nuclear receptor complex activates gene transcription and synthesis of messenger RNA and cytoplasmic proteins.
The physiological actions of thyroid hormones are produced predominantly by T3, the majority of which (approximately 80%) is derived from T4 by deiodination in peripheral tissues.
Oral levothyroxine sodium is a synthetic T4 hormone that exerts the same physiologic effect as endogenous T4, thereby maintaining normal T4 levels when a deficiency is present.
Absorption of orally administered T4 from the gastrointestinal tract ranges from 40% to 80%. The majority of the levothyroxine sodium tablets dose is absorbed from the jejunum and upper ileum. The relative bioavailability of levothyroxine sodium tablets, compared to an equal nominal dose of oral levothyroxine sodium solution, is approximately 93%. T4 absorption is increased by fasting, and decreased in malabsorption syndromes and by certain foods such as soybeans. Dietary fiber decreases bioavailability of T4. Absorption may also decrease with age. In addition, many drugs and foods affect T4 absorption [see Drug Interactions (7)].
Circulating thyroid hormones are greater than 99% bound to plasma proteins, including thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG), thyroxine-binding prealbumin (TBPA), and albumin (TBA), whose capacities and affinities vary for each hormone. The higher affinity of both TBG and TBPA for T4 partially explains the higher serum levels, slower metabolic clearance, and longer half-life of T4 compared to T3. Protein-bound thyroid hormones exist in reverse equilibrium with small amounts of free hormone. Only unbound hormone is metabolically active. Many drugs and physiologic conditions affect the binding of thyroid hormones to serum proteins [see Drug Interactions (7)]. Thyroid hormones do not readily cross the placental barrier [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1)].
T4 is slowly eliminated (see Table 10). The major pathway of thyroid hormone metabolism is through sequential deiodination. Approximately 80% of circulating T3 is derived from peripheral T4 by monodeiodination. The liver is the major site of degradation for both T4 and T3, with T4 deiodination also occurring at a number of additional sites, including the kidney and other tissues. Approximately 80% of the daily dose of T4 is deiodinated to yield equal amounts of T3 and reverse T3 (rT3). T3 and rT3 are further deiodinated to diiodothyronine. Thyroid hormones are also metabolized via conjugation with glucuronides and sulfates and excreted directly into the bile and gut where they undergo enterohepatic recirculation.
Thyroid hormones are primarily eliminated by the kidneys. A portion of the conjugated hormone reaches the colon unchanged and is eliminated in the feces. Approximately 20% of T4 is eliminated in the stool. Urinary excretion of T4 decreases with age.
Hormone |
Ratio in Thyroglobulin |
Biologic Potency |
t1/2 (days) |
Protein Binding (%)* |
Levothyroxine (T4) |
10-20 |
1 |
6-7† |
99.96 |
Liothyronine (T3) |
1 |
4 |
≤ 2 |
99.5 |
How Supplied
Levothyroxine Sodium Tablets, USP are available containing 25 mcg, 50 mcg, 75 mcg, 88 mcg, 100 mcg, 112 mcg, 125 mcg, 137 mcg, 150 mcg, 175 mcg, 200 mcg or 300 mcg of levothyroxine sodium, USP. They are available as follows:
The 25 mcg tablets are orange, capsule-shaped, scored tablets debossed with L to the left of the score and 4 to the right of the score on one side of the tablet and M on the other side.
NDC 0378-1800-77
bottles of 90 tablets
NDC 0378-1800-10
bottles of 1000 tablets
The 50 mcg tablets are white, capsule-shaped, scored tablets debossed with L to the left of the score and 5 to the right of the score on one side of the tablet and M on the other side.
NDC 0378-1803-77
bottles of 90 tablets
NDC 0378-1803-10
bottles of 1000 tablets
The 75 mcg tablets are violet, capsule-shaped, scored tablets debossed with L to the left of the score and 6 to the right of the score on one side of the tablet and M on the other side.
NDC 0378-1805-77
bottles of 90 tablets
NDC 0378-1805-10
bottles of 1000 tablets
The 88 mcg tablets are olive, capsule-shaped, scored tablets debossed with L to the left of the score and 7 to the right of the score on one side of the tablet and M on the other side.
NDC 0378-1807-77
bottles of 90 tablets
NDC 0378-1807-10
bottles of 1000 tablets
The 100 mcg tablets are yellow, capsule-shaped, scored tablets debossed with L to the left of the score and 8 to the right of the score on one side of the tablet and M on the other side.
NDC 0378-1809-77
bottles of 90 tablets
NDC 0378-1809-10
bottles of 1000 tablets
The 112 mcg tablets are rose, capsule-shaped, scored tablets debossed with L to the left of the score and 9 to the right of the score on one side of the tablet and M on the other side.
NDC 0378-1811-77
bottles of 90 tablets
NDC 0378-1811-10
bottles of 1000 tablets
The 125 mcg tablets are gray, capsule-shaped, scored tablets debossed with L to the left of the score and 10 to the right of the score on one side of the tablet and M on the other side.
NDC 0378-1813-77
bottles of 90 tablets
NDC 0378-1813-10
bottles of 1000 tablets
The 137 mcg tablets are turquoise, capsule-shaped, scored tablets debossed with L to the left of the score and 15 to the right of the score on one side of the tablet and M on the other side.
NDC 0378-1823-77
bottles of 90 tablets
NDC 0378-1823-10
bottles of 1000 tablets
The 150 mcg tablets are blue, capsule-shaped, scored tablets debossed with L to the left of the score and 11 to the right of the score on one side of the tablet and M on the other side.
NDC 0378-1815-77
bottles of 90 tablets
NDC 0378-1815-10
bottles of 1000 tablets
The 175 mcg tablets are lilac, capsule-shaped, scored tablets debossed with L to the left of the score and 12 to the right of the score on one side of the tablet and M on the other side.
NDC 0378-1817-77
bottles of 90 tablets
NDC 0378-1817-10
bottles of 1000 tablets
The 200 mcg tablets are pink, capsule-shaped, scored tablets debossed with L to the left of the score and 13 to the right of the score on one side of the tablet and M on the other side.
NDC 0378-1819-77
bottles of 90 tablets
NDC 0378-1819-10
bottles of 1000 tablets
The 300 mcg tablets are green, capsule-shaped, scored tablets debossed with L to the left of the score and 14 to the right of the score on one side of the tablet and M on the other side.
NDC 0378-1821-77
bottles of 90 tablets
Storage and Handling
Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F). [See USP Controlled Room Temperature.]
Protect from light and moisture.
Dispense in a tight, light-resistant container as defined in the USP using a child-resistant closure.
Inform the patient of the following information to aid in the safe and effective use of levothyroxine sodium tablets:
Dosing and Administration
Important Information
Adverse Reactions
The brands listed are trademarks of their respective owners.
Manufactured for:
Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Morgantown, WV 26505 U.S.A.
Manufactured by:
Mylan Laboratories Limited
Hyderabad — 500 096, India
75103835
Revised: 4/2024
MXI:LVTX:R4
NDC 0378-1800-77
Levothyroxine
Sodium
Tablets, USP
25 mcg
(0.025 mg)
Rx only 90 Tablets
Each tablet contains:
Levothyroxine sodium, USP 25 mcg
Usual Dosage: See accompanying
prescribing information.
Keep this and all medication out of the
reach of children.
Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F). [See
USP Controlled Room Temperature.]
Protect from light and moisture.
U.S. Patent Nos. 6,645,526; 6,936,274;
7,052,717; 7,195,779
Manufactured for:
Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Morgantown, WV 26505 U.S.A.
Made in India
Mylan.com
Dispense in a tight, light-resistant
container as defined in the USP
using a child-resistant closure.
Keep container tightly closed.
Code No.: MP/DRUGS/28/1/2014
RMXI1800MM1
NDC 0378-1803-77
Levothyroxine
Sodium
Tablets, USP
50 mcg
(0.05 mg)
Rx only 90 Tablets
Each tablet contains:
Levothyroxine sodium, USP 50 mcg
Usual Dosage: See accompanying
prescribing information.
Keep this and all medication out of the
reach of children.
Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F). [See
USP Controlled Room Temperature.]
Protect from light and moisture.
U.S. Patent Nos. 6,645,526; 6,936,274;
7,052,717; 7,195,779
Manufactured for:
Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Morgantown, WV 26505 U.S.A.
Made in India
Mylan.com
Dispense in a tight, light-resistant
container as defined in the USP
using a child-resistant closure.
Keep container tightly closed.
Code No.: MP/DRUGS/28/1/2014
RMXI1803MM1
NDC 0378-1805-77
Levothyroxine
Sodium
Tablets, USP
75 mcg
(0.075 mg)
Rx only 90 Tablets
Each tablet contains:
Levothyroxine sodium, USP 75 mcg
Usual Dosage: See accompanying
prescribing information.
Keep this and all medication out of the
reach of children.
Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F). [See
USP Controlled Room Temperature.]
Protect from light and moisture.
U.S. Patent Nos. 6,645,526; 6,936,274;
7,052,717; 7,195,779
Manufactured for:
Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Morgantown, WV 26505 U.S.A.
Made in India
Mylan.com
Dispense in a tight, light-resistant
container as defined in the USP
using a child-resistant closure.
Keep container tightly closed.
Code No.: MP/DRUGS/28/1/2014
RMXI1805MM1
NDC 0378-1807-77
Levothyroxine
Sodium
Tablets, USP
88 mcg
(0.088 mg)
Rx only 90 Tablets
Each tablet contains:
Levothyroxine sodium, USP 88 mcg
Usual Dosage: See accompanying
prescribing information.
Keep this and all medication out of the
reach of children.
Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F). [See
USP Controlled Room Temperature.]
Protect from light and moisture.
U.S. Patent Nos. 6,645,526; 6,936,274;
7,052,717; 7,195,779
Manufactured for:
Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Morgantown, WV 26505 U.S.A.
Made in India
Mylan.com
Dispense in a tight, light-resistant
container as defined in the USP
using a child-resistant closure.
Keep container tightly closed.
Code No.: MP/DRUGS/28/1/2014
RMXI1807MM1
NDC 0378-1809-77
Levothyroxine
Sodium
Tablets, USP
100 mcg
(0.1 mg)
Rx only 90 Tablets
Each tablet contains:
Levothyroxine sodium, USP 100 mcg
Usual Dosage: See accompanying
prescribing information.
Keep this and all medication out of the
reach of children.
Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F). [See
USP Controlled Room Temperature.]
Protect from light and moisture.
U.S. Patent Nos. 6,645,526; 6,936,274;
7,052,717; 7,195,779
Manufactured for:
Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Morgantown, WV 26505 U.S.A.
Made in India
Mylan.com
Dispense in a tight, light-resistant
container as defined in the USP
using a child-resistant closure.
Keep container tightly closed.
Code No.: MP/DRUGS/28/1/2014
RMXI1809MM1
NDC 0378-1811-77
Levothyroxine
Sodium
Tablets, USP
112 mcg
(0.112 mg)
Rx only 90 Tablets
Each tablet contains:
Levothyroxine sodium, USP 112 mcg
Usual Dosage: See accompanying
prescribing information.
Keep this and all medication out of the
reach of children.
Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F). [See
USP Controlled Room Temperature.]
Protect from light and moisture.
U.S. Patent Nos. 6,645,526; 6,936,274;
7,052,717; 7,195,779
Manufactured for:
Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Morgantown, WV 26505 U.S.A.
Made in India
Mylan.com
Dispense in a tight, light-resistant
container as defined in the USP
using a child-resistant closure.
Keep container tightly closed.
Code No.: MP/DRUGS/28/1/2014
RMXI1811MM1
NDC 0378-1813-77
Levothyroxine
Sodium
Tablets, USP
125 mcg
(0.125 mg)
Rx only 90 Tablets
Each tablet contains:
Levothyroxine sodium, USP 125 mcg
Usual Dosage: See accompanying
prescribing information.
Keep this and all medication out of the
reach of children.
Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F). [See
USP Controlled Room Temperature.]
Protect from light and moisture.
U.S. Patent Nos. 6,645,526; 6,936,274;
7,052,717; 7,195,779
Manufactured for:
Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Morgantown, WV 26505 U.S.A.
Made in India
Mylan.com
Dispense in a tight, light-resistant
container as defined in the USP
using a child-resistant closure.
Keep container tightly closed.
Code No.: MP/DRUGS/28/1/2014
RMXI1813MM1
NDC 0378-1823-77
Levothyroxine
Sodium
Tablets, USP
137 mcg
(0.137 mg)
Rx only 90 Tablets
Each tablet contains:
Levothyroxine sodium, USP 137 mcg
Usual Dosage: See accompanying
prescribing information.
Keep this and all medication out of the
reach of children.
Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F). [See
USP Controlled Room Temperature.]
Protect from light and moisture.
U.S. Patent Nos. 6,645,526; 6,936,274;
7,052,717; 7,195,779
Manufactured for:
Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Morgantown, WV 26505 U.S.A.
Made in India
Mylan.com
Dispense in a tight, light-resistant
container as defined in the USP
using a child-resistant closure.
Keep container tightly closed.
Code No.: MP/DRUGS/28/1/2014
RMXI1823MM1
NDC 0378-1815-77
Levothyroxine
Sodium
Tablets, USP
150 mcg
(0.15 mg)
Rx only 90 Tablets
Each tablet contains:
Levothyroxine sodium, USP 150 mcg
Usual Dosage: See accompanying
prescribing information.
Keep this and all medication out of the
reach of children.
Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F). [See
USP Controlled Room Temperature.]
Protect from light and moisture.
U.S. Patent Nos. 6,645,526; 6,936,274;
7,052,717; 7,195,779
Manufactured for:
Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Morgantown, WV 26505 U.S.A.
Made in India
Mylan.com
Dispense in a tight, light-resistant
container as defined in the USP
using a child-resistant closure.
Keep container tightly closed.
Code No.: MP/DRUGS/28/1/2014
RMXI1815MM1
NDC 0378-1817-77
Levothyroxine
Sodium
Tablets, USP
175 mcg
(0.175 mg)
Rx only 90 Tablets
Each tablet contains:
Levothyroxine sodium, USP 175 mcg
Usual Dosage: See accompanying
prescribing information.
Keep this and all medication out of the
reach of children.
Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F). [See
USP Controlled Room Temperature.]
Protect from light and moisture.
U.S. Patent Nos. 6,645,526; 6,936,274;
7,052,717; 7,195,779
Manufactured for:
Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Morgantown, WV 26505 U.S.A.
Made in India
Mylan.com
Dispense in a tight, light-resistant
container as defined in the USP
using a child-resistant closure.
Keep container tightly closed.
Code No.: MP/DRUGS/28/1/2014
RMXI1817MM1
NDC 0378-1819-77
Levothyroxine
Sodium
Tablets, USP
200 mcg
(0.2 mg)
Rx only 90 Tablets
Each tablet contains:
Levothyroxine sodium, USP 200 mcg
Usual Dosage: See accompanying
prescribing information.
Keep this and all medication out of the
reach of children.
Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F). [See
USP Controlled Room Temperature.]
Protect from light and moisture.
U.S. Patent Nos. 6,645,526; 6,936,274;
7,052,717; 7,195,779
Manufactured for:
Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Morgantown, WV 26505 U.S.A.
Made in India
Mylan.com
Dispense in a tight, light-resistant
container as defined in the USP
using a child-resistant closure.
Keep container tightly closed.
Code No.: MP/DRUGS/28/1/2014
RMXI1819MM1
NDC 0378-1821-77
Levothyroxine
Sodium
Tablets, USP
300 mcg
(0.3 mg)
Rx only 90 Tablets
Each tablet contains:
Levothyroxine sodium, USP 300 mcg
Usual Dosage: See accompanying
prescribing information.
Keep this and all medication out of the
reach of children.
Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F). [See
USP Controlled Room Temperature.]
Protect from light and moisture.
U.S. Patent Nos. 6,645,526; 6,936,274;
7,052,717; 7,195,779
Manufactured for:
Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Morgantown, WV 26505 U.S.A.
Made in India
Mylan.com
Dispense in a tight, light-resistant
container as defined in the USP
using a child-resistant closure.
Keep container tightly closed.
Code No.: MP/DRUGS/28/1/2014
RMXI1821MM1
LEVOTHYROXINE SODIUM
levothyroxine sodium tablet |
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LEVOTHYROXINE SODIUM
levothyroxine sodium tablet |
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LEVOTHYROXINE SODIUM
levothyroxine sodium tablet |
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levothyroxine sodium tablet |
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LEVOTHYROXINE SODIUM
levothyroxine sodium tablet |
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levothyroxine sodium tablet |
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LEVOTHYROXINE SODIUM
levothyroxine sodium tablet |
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Labeler - Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc. (059295980) |