DESCRIPTION
Gentamicin Sulfate Ophthalmic Solution, is a sterile, aqueous solution buffered to approximately pH 7.0 and formulated for ophthalmic use.
EACH mL CONTAINS:
ACTIVE: Gentamicin Sulfate (equivalent to 3 mg gentamicin).
INACTIVES: Dibasic Sodium Phosphate, Sodium Chloride, Monobasic Sodium Phosphate, Purified Water. Hydrochloric Acid and/or Sodium Hydroxide may be added to adjust pH (6.5 - 7.5).
PRESERVATIVE ADDED: Benzalkonium Chloride 0.01%.
Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic obtained from cultures of . It is a mixture of the sulfate salts of Gentamicin C , C , C and C . All three components appear to have similar antimicrobial activity. Micromonospora purpurea121a2a
Gentamicin sulfate occurs as a white to buff powder and is soluble in water and insoluble in alcohol.
The structural formula is as follows:
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
Microbiology
Gentamicin sulfate is active against many strains of the following microorganisms: in vitro
and Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae,Enterobacter aerogenes Escherichia coli; Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Neisseriagonorrhoeae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Serratia marcescens.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Gentamicin sulfate ophthalmic solution is indicated in the topical treatment of ocular bacterial infections including conjunctivitis, keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis, corneal ulcers, blepharitis, blepharoconjunctivitis, acute meibomianitis, and dacryocystitis, caused by susceptible strains of the following microorganisms:
and Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae,Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli; Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Neisseriagonorrhoeae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Serratia marcescens.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
Gentamicin sulfate ophthalmic solution is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to any of its components.
WARNINGS
NOT FOR INJECTION INTO THE EYE.
Gentamicin sulfate ophthalmic solution is not for injection. It should never be injected subconjunctivally, nor should it be directly introduced into the anterior chamber of the eye.
PRECAUTIONS
General
Prolonged use of topical antibiotics may give rise to overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms including fungi.
Bacterial resistance to gentamicin may also develop. If purulent discharge, inflammation or pain becomes aggravated, the patient should discontinue use of the medication and consult a physician. If irritation or hypersensitivity to any component of the drug develops, the patient should discontinue use of this preparation and appropriate therapy should be instituted.
Information for Patients:
To avoid contamination, do not touch tip of container to the eye, eyelid or any surface.
Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility:
There are no published carcinogenicity or impairment of fertility studies on gentamicin. Aminoglycoside antibiotics have been found to be non-mutagenic.
Pregnancy:
Pregnancy Category C. Gentamicin has been shown to depress body weights, kidney weights and median glomerular counts in newborn rats when administered systemically to pregnant rats in daily doses approximately 500 times the maximum recommended ophthalmic human dose. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Gentamicin should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.
ADVERSE REACTIONS
Bacterial and fungal corneal ulcers have developed during treatment with gentamicin ophthalmic preparations.
The most frequently reported adverse reactions are ocular burning and irritation upon drug instillation, non-specific conjunctivitis, conjunctival epithelial defects and conjunctival hyperemia.
Other adverse reactions which have occurred rarely are allergic reactions, thrombocytopenic purpura and hallucinations.
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
Instill one or two drops into the affected eye(s) every four hours. In severe infections dosage may be increased to as much as two drops every hour.
