MESNA- mesna injection, solution
Mylan Institutional LLC
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HIGHLIGHTS OF PRESCRIBING INFORMATIONThese highlights do not include all the information needed to use MESNA INJECTION safely and effectively. See full prescribing information for MESNA INJECTION.
MESNA injection, for intravenous use Initial U.S. Approval: 1988 INDICATIONS AND USAGEMesna injection is a cytoprotective agent indicated as a prophylactic agent in reducing the incidence of ifosfamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis. (1) Limitation of Use: Mesna injection is not indicated to reduce the risk of hematuria due to other pathological conditions such as thrombocytopenia. (1) DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATIONMesna injection may be given on a fractionated dosing schedule of three bolus intravenous injections or a single bolus injection followed by two oral administrations of mesna tablets as outlined below. The dosing schedule should be repeated on each day that ifosfamide is administered. When the dosage of ifosfamide is adjusted, the ratio of mesna to ifosfamide should be maintained. (2) Intravenous Dosing Schedule:
Intravenous and Oral Dosing Schedule:
Maintain sufficient urinary output, as required for ifosfamide treatment, and monitor urine for the presence of hematuria. (2.3) DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS
CONTRAINDICATIONS
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
ADVERSE REACTIONSThe most common adverse reactions (> 10%) when mesna injection is given with ifosfamide are nausea, vomiting, constipation, leukopenia, fatigue, fever, anorexia, thrombocytopenia, anemia, granulocytopenia, diarrhea, asthenia, abdominal pain, headache, alopecia, and somnolence. (6.1) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc. at 1-877-446-3679 (1-877-4-INFO-RX) or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONSSee 17 for PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION and FDA-approved patient labeling. Revised: 2/2016 |
Mesna injection is indicated as a prophylactic agent in reducing the incidence of ifosfamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis.
Limitation of Use: Mesna injection is not indicated to reduce the risk of hematuria due to other pathological conditions such as thrombocytopenia.
Mesna injection may be given on a fractionated dosing schedule of three bolus intravenous injections as outlined below.
Mesna injection is given as intravenous bolus injections in a dosage equal to 20% of the ifosfamide dosage weight by weight (w/w) at the time of ifosfamide administration and 4 and 8 hours after each dose of ifosfamide. The total daily dose of mesna injection is 60% of the ifosfamide dose. The recommended dosing schedule is outlined below in Table 1.
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0 Hours |
4 Hours |
8 Hours |
|
Ifosfamide |
1.2 g/m2 |
-- |
-- |
Mesna Injection* |
240 mg/m2 |
240 mg/m2 |
240 mg/m2 |
Mesna may be given on a fractionated dosing schedule of a single bolus injection followed by two oral administrations of mesna tablets as outlined below.
Mesna injection is given as intravenous bolus injections in a dosage equal to 20% of the ifosfamide dosage (w/w) at the time of ifosfamide administration. Mesna tablets are given orally in a dosage equal to 40% of the ifosfamide dose 2 and 6 hours after each dose of ifosfamide. The total daily dose of mesna is 100% of the ifosfamide dose. The recommended dosing schedule is outlined in Table 2.
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0 Hours |
2 Hours |
6 Hours |
|
Ifosfamide |
1.2 g/m2 |
-- |
-- |
Mesna Injection* |
240 mg/m2 |
-- |
-- |
Mesna Tablets |
-- |
480 mg/m2 |
480 mg/m2 |
The efficacy and safety of this ratio of intravenous and oral mesna has not been established as being effective for daily doses of ifosfamide higher than 2 g/m2.
Patients who vomit within two hours of taking oral mesna should repeat the dose or receive intravenous mesna.
Maintain adequate hydration and sufficient urinary output, as required for ifosfamide treatment, and monitor urine for the presence of hematuria. If severe hematuria develops when mesna injection is given according to the recommended dosage schedule, dosage reductions or discontinuation of ifosfamide therapy may be required.
Determine the volume of mesna injection for the intended dose.
Dilute the volume of mesna injection for the dose in any of the following fluids to obtain a final concentration of 20 mg/mL:
The mesna injection multidose vials may be stored and used for up to 8 days after initial puncture.
Store diluted solutions at 25°C (77°F). Use diluted solutions within 24 hours.
Do not mix mesna injection with epirubicin, cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, carboplatin, and nitrogen mustard.
The benzyl alcohol contained in mesna injection vials can reduce the stability of ifosfamide. Ifosfamide and mesna injection may be mixed in the same bag provided the final concentration of ifosfamide does not exceed 50 mg/mL. Higher concentrations of ifosfamide may not be compatible with mesna injection and may reduce the stability of ifosfamide.
Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration whenever solution and container permit. Any solutions which are discolored, hazy, or contain visible particulate matter should not be used.
Mesna injection is contraindicated in patients known to be hypersensitive to mesna or to any of the excipients [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
Mesna may cause systemic hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis. These reactions may include fever, cardiovascular symptoms (hypotension, tachycardia), acute renal impairment, hypoxia, respiratory distress, urticaria, angioedema, laboratory signs of disseminated intravascular coagulation, hematological abnormalities, increased liver enzymes, nausea, vomiting, arthralgia, and myalgia. These reactions may occur with the first exposure or after several months of exposure. Monitor for signs or symptoms. Discontinue mesna and provide supportive care.
Drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms and bullous and ulcerative skin and mucosal reactions, consistent with Stevens-Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis have occurred. Mesna may cause skin and mucosal reactions characterized by urticaria, rash, erythema, pruritus, burning sensation, angioedema, periorbital edema, flushing and stomatitis. These reactions may occur with the first exposure or after several months of exposure. Discontinue mesna and provide supportive care.
Benzyl alcohol, a preservative in mesna injection, has been associated with serious adverse reactions and death (including gasping syndrome) in neonates, premature, and low-birth weight infants. The minimum amount of benzyl alcohol at which toxicity may occur is not known. Consider the combined daily metabolic load of benzyl alcohol from all sources when prescribing mesna injection (10.4 mg benzyl alcohol per mL). Neonates, premature, and low-birth weight infants, as well as patients receiving high dosages, may be more likely to develop toxicity. Monitor patients for signs or symptoms of toxicity. Avoid use in neonates, premature, and low-birth weight infants [See Use in Specific Populations (8.4)].
A false positive test for urinary ketones may arise in patients treated with mesna injection when using nitroprusside sodium-based urine tests (including dipstick tests). The addition of glacial acetic acid can be used to differentiate between a false positive result (cherry-red color that fades) and a true positive result (red-violet color that intensifies).
Mesna is a thiol compound, i.e., a sulfhydryl (SH) group-containing organic compound. Hypersensitivity reactions to mesna and to amifostine, another thiol compound, have been reported. It is not clear whether patients who experienced an adverse reaction to a thiol compound are at increased risk for a hypersensitivity reaction to mesna.
The following are discussed in more detail in other sections of the labeling.
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.
Mesna injection adverse reaction data are available from four Phase 1 studies in which single intravenous doses of 600 mg to 1200 mg mesna injection without concurrent chemotherapy were administered to a total of 53 healthy volunteers and single oral doses of 600 mg to 2400 mg of mesna tablets were administered to a total of 82 healthy volunteers. The most frequently reported side effects (observed in two or more healthy volunteers) for healthy volunteers receiving single doses of mesna injection alone were headache, injection site reactions, flushing, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, somnolence, diarrhea, anorexia, fever, pharyngitis, hyperesthesia, influenza-like symptoms, and coughing. In two Phase 1 multiple-dose studies where healthy volunteers received mesna tablets alone or intravenous mesna followed by repeated doses of mesna tablets, flatulence and rhinitis were reported. In addition, constipation was reported by healthy volunteers who had received repeated doses of intravenous mesna injection.
Additional adverse reactions in healthy volunteers receiving mesna injection alone included injection site reactions, abdominal pain/colic, epigastric pain/burning, mucosal irritation, lightheadedness, back pain, arthralgia, myalgia, conjunctivitis, nasal congestion, rigors, paresthesia, photophobia, fatigue, lymphadenopathy, extremity pain, malaise, chest pain, dysuria, pleuritic pain, dry mouth, dyspnea, and hyperhidrosis. In healthy volunteers, mesna was commonly associated with a rapid (within 24 hours) decrease in lymphocyte count, which was generally reversible within one week of administration.
Because mesna is used in combination with ifosfamide or ifosfamide-containing chemotherapy regimens, it is difficult to distinguish the adverse reactions which may be due to mesna from those caused by the concomitantly administered cytotoxic agents.
Adverse reactions reasonably associated with mesna administered intravenously and orally in four controlled studies in which patients received ifosfamide or ifosfamide-containing regimens are presented in Table 3.
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Mesna Regimen |
Intravenous-Intravenous-Intravenous* |
Intravenous-Oral-Oral* |
N exposed |
119 (100.0%) |
119 (100%) |
Incidence of AEs |
101 (84.9%) |
106 (89.1%) |
Nausea |
65 (54.6) |
64 (53.8) |
Vomiting |
35 (29.4) |
45 (37.8) |
Constipation |
28 (23.5) |
21 (17.6) |
Leukopenia |
25 (21.0) |
21 (17.6) |
Fatigue |
24 (20.2) |
24 (20.2) |
Fever |
24 (20.2) |
18 (15.1) |
Anorexia |
21 (17.6) |
19 (16.0) |
Thrombocytopenia |
21 (17.6) |
16 (13.4) |
Anemia |
20 (16.8) |
21 (17.6) |
Granulocytopenia |
16 (13.4) |
15 (12.6) |
Asthenia |
15 (12.6) |
21 (17.6) |
Abdominal Pain |
14 (11.8) |
18 (15.1) |
Alopecia |
12 (10.1) |
13 (10.9) |
Dyspnea |
11 (9.2) |
11 (9.2) |
Chest Pain |
10 (8.4) |
11 (9.2) |
Hypokalemia |
10 (8.4) |
11 (9.2) |
Diarrhea |
9 (7.6) |
17 (14.3) |
Dizziness |
9 (7.6) |
5 (4.2) |
Headache |
9 (7.6) |
13 (10.9) |
Pain |
9 (7.6) |
10 (8.4) |
Sweating Increased |
9 (7.6) |
2 (1.7) |
Back Pain |
8 (6.7) |
6 (5.0) |
Hematuria |
8 (6.7) |
7 (5.9) |
Injection Site Reaction |
8 (6.7) |
10 (8.4) |
Edema |
8 (6.7) |
9 (7.6) |
Edema Peripheral |
8 (6.7) |
8 (6.7) |
Somnolence |
8 (6.7) |
12 (10.1) |
Anxiety |
7 (5.9) |
4 (3.4) |
Confusion |
7 (5.9) |
6 (5.0) |
Face Edema |
6 (5.0) |
5 (4.2) |
Insomnia |
6 (5.0) |
11 (9.2) |
Coughing |
5 (4.2) |
10 (8.4) |
Dyspepsia |
4 (3.4) |
6 (5.0) |
Hypotension |
4 (3.4) |
6 (5.0) |
Pallor |
4 (3.4) |
6 (5.0) |
Dehydration |
3 (2.5) |
7 (5.9) |
Pneumonia |
2 (1.7) |
8 (6.7) |
Tachycardia |
1 (0.8) |
7 (5.9) |
Flushing |
1 (0.8) |
6 (5.0) |
The following adverse reactions have been reported in the postmarketing experience of patients receiving mesna in combination with ifosfamide or similar drugs, making it difficult to distinguish the adverse reactions which may be due to mesna from those caused by the concomitantly administered cytotoxic agents. Because these reactions are reported from a population of unknown size, precise estimates of frequency cannot be made.
Cardiovascular: Hypertension
Gastrointestinal: Dysgeusia
Hepatobiliary: Hepatitis
Nervous System: Convulsion
Respiratory: Hemoptysis
There are no studies of mesna in pregnant women. Reproduction studies performed in rats and rabbits at oral doses approximately 10 times the maximum recommended total daily intravenous-oral-oral human dose on a body surface area basis (1000 mg/kg in rabbits and 2000 mg/kg in rats) revealed no evidence of harm to the fetus due to mesna. The incidence of malformations in human pregnancies has not been established for mesna. All pregnancies, regardless of drug exposure, have a background rate of 2% to 4% for major malformations and 15% to 20% for pregnancy loss. Because animal reproductive studies are not always predictive of human response, this drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed.
It is not known whether mesna or dimesna is excreted in human milk. Benzyl alcohol present in maternal serum is likely to cross into human milk and may be orally absorbed by a nursing infant. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk and because of the potential for adverse reactions in nursing infants from mesna, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
Safety and effectiveness of mesna injection in pediatric patients have not been established. Mesna injection contains benzyl alcohol (10.4 mg benzyl alcohol per mL) which has been associated with serious adverse reactions and death in pediatric patients. The "gasping syndrome," (characterized by central nervous system depression, metabolic acidosis and gasping respirations) has been associated with benzyl alcohol dosages > 99 mg/kg/day in neonates, premature, and low-birth weight infants. Additional symptoms may include gradual neurological deterioration, seizures, intracranial hemorrhage, hematologic abnormalities, skin breakdown, hepatic and renal failure, hypotension, bradycardia, and cardiovascular collapse. The minimum amount of benzyl alcohol at which toxicity may occur is not known. Neonates, premature, and low-birth weight infants, as well as patients receiving high dosages, may be more likely to develop toxicity. Practitioners administering this and other medications containing benzyl alcohol should consider the combined daily metabolic load of benzyl alcohol from all sources [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)].
Clinical studies of mesna injection did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects. In general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy. The ratio of ifosfamide to mesna should remain unchanged.
There is no known antidote for mesna injection.
In a clinical trial, 11 patients received intravenous mesna injection 10 mg/kg to 66 mg/kg per day for 3 to 5 days. Patients also received ifosfamide or cyclophosphamide. Adverse reactions included nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and fever. An increased rate of these adverse reactions has also been found in oxazaphosphorine-treated patients receiving ≥ 80 mg mesna injection per kg per day intravenously compared with patients receiving lower doses or hydration treatment only.
Postmarketing, administration of 4.5 g to 6.9 g of mesna resulted in hypersensitivity reactions including mild hypotension, shortness of breath, asthma exacerbation, rash, and flushing.
Mesna injection is a detoxifying agent to inhibit the hemorrhagic cystitis induced by ifosfamide. The active ingredient, mesna, is a synthetic sulfhydryl compound designated as sodium-2-mercaptoethane sulfonate with a molecular formula of C2H5NaO3S2 and a molecular weight of 164.18. Its structural formula is as follows:
HS–CH2–CH2SO3–Na+
Mesna injection is a sterile, nonpyrogenic, aqueous solution of clear and colorless appearance in clear glass multidose vials for intravenous administration. Mesna injection contains 100 mg/mL mesna, 0.25 mg/mL edetate disodium, qs with water for injection and sodium hydroxide for pH adjustment. Mesna injection multidose vials also contain 10.4 mg/mL of benzyl alcohol as a preservative. The solution has a pH range of 7.5 to 8.5.
Mesna reacts chemically with the urotoxic ifosfamide metabolites, acrolein and 4-hydroxy-ifosfamide, resulting in their detoxification. The first step in the detoxification process is the binding of mesna to 4-hydroxyifosfamide forming a non-urotoxic 4-sulfoethylthioifosfamide. Mesna also binds to the double bonds of acrolein and to other urotoxic metabolites and inhibits their effects on the bladder.
Following oral administration, peak plasma concentrations were reached within 1.5 to 4 hours and 3 to 7 hours for free mesna and total mesna (mesna plus dimesna and mixed disulfides), respectively. Oral bioavailability averaged 58% (range 45% to 71%) for free mesna and 89% (range 74% to 104%) for total mesna based on plasma AUC data from eight healthy volunteers who received 1200 mg oral or intravenous doses.
Food does not affect the urinary availability of orally administered mesna.
Mean apparent volume of distribution (Vd) for mesna is 0.652 ± 0.242 L/kg after intravenous administration which suggests distribution to total body water (plasma, extracellular fluid, and intracellular water).
Analogous to the physiological cysteine-cystine system, mesna is rapidly oxidized to its major metabolite, mesna disulfide (dimesna). Plasma concentrations of mesna exceed those of dimesna after oral or intravenous administration.
Following intravenous administration of a single 800 mg dose, approximately 32% and 33% of the administered dose was eliminated in the urine in 24 hours as mesna and dimesna, respectively. Mean plasma elimination half-lives of mesna and dimesna are 0.36 hours and 1.17 hours, respectively. Mesna has a plasma clearance of 1.23 L/h/kg.
No long-term studies in animals have been performed to evaluate the carcinogenic potential of mesna.
Mesna was not genotoxic in the in vitro Ames bacterial mutagenicity assay, the in vitro mammalian lymphocyte chromosomal aberration assay or the in vivo mouse micronucleus assay.
No studies on male or female fertility were conducted. No signs of male or female reproductive organ toxicity were seen in 6-month oral rat studies (≤ 2000 mg/kg/day) or 29-week oral dog studies (520 mg/kg/day) at doses approximately 10-fold higher than the maximum recommended human dose on a body surface area basis.
Hemorrhagic cystitis produced by ifosfamide is dose dependent (Table 4). At a dose of 1.2 g/m2 ifosfamide administered daily for 5 days, 16% to 26% of the patients who received conventional uroprophylaxis (high fluid intake, alkalinization of the urine, and the administration of diuretics) developed hematuria (> 50 RBC per hpf or macrohematuria) (Studies 1, 2, and 3). In contrast, none of the patients who received mesna injection together with this dose of ifosfamide developed hematuria (Studies 3 and 4). In two randomized studies, (Studies 5 and 6), higher doses of ifosfamide, from 2 g/m2 to 4 g/m2 administered for 3 to 5 days, produced hematuria in 31% to 100% of the patients. When mesna injection was administered together with these doses of ifosfamide, the incidence of hematuria was less than 7%.
Study |
Conventional Uroprophylaxis (number of patients) |
Standard Mesna Injection Intravenous Regimen (number of patients) |
Uncontrolled Studies* |
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Study 1 |
16% (7/44) |
- |
Study 2 |
26% (11/43) |
- |
Study 3 |
18% (7/38) |
0% (0/21) |
Study 4 |
- |
0% (0/32) |
Controlled Studies† |
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Study 5 |
31% (14/46) |
6% (3/46) |
Study 6 |
100% (7/7) |
0% (0/8) |
Clinical studies comparing recommended intravenous and oral mesna dosing regimens demonstrated incidences of grade 3 to 4 hematuria of < 5%. Study 7 was an open label, randomized, two-way crossover study comparing three intravenous doses with an initial intravenous dose followed by two oral doses of mesna in patients with cancer treated with ifosfamide at a dose of 1.2 g/m2 to 2.0 g/m2 for 3 to 5 days. Study 8 was a randomized, multicenter study in cancer patients receiving ifosfamide at 2.0 g/m2 for 5 days. In both studies, development of grade 3 or 4 hematuria was the primary efficacy endpoint. The percent of patients developing hematuria in each of these studies is presented in Table 5.
Mesna Dosing Regimen |
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Study |
Standard Intravenous Regimen (number of patients) |
Intravenous + Oral Regimen (number of patients) |
Study 7 |
0% (0/30) |
3.6% (1/28) |
Study 8 |
3.7% (1/27) |
4.3% (1/23) |
Mesna Injection, 100 mg/mL is available in:
NDC 67457-148-10
10 mL (1g) sterile multidose vials, packages of 10
Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F). [See USP Controlled Room Temperature.]
PHARMACIST: Dispense a Patient Information Leaflet with each prescription.
See FDA-approved patient labeling (Patient Information).
MESNA INJECTION
(mes′ na)
100 mg/mL
What is the most important information I should know about mesna injection?
Mesna injection can cause serious allergic reactions and skin reactions. These side effects can happen the first time you are treated with mesna injection, or after several months of treatment with mesna injection. Stop treatment with mesna injection and call your doctor or go to the nearest hospital emergency room right away if you develop any of the symptoms listed below:
See “What are the possible side effects of mesna injection?” for more information about side effects.
What is mesna injection?
Mesna injection is a prescription medicine used to reduce the risk of inflammation and bleeding of the bladder (hemorrhagic cystitis) in people who receive ifosfamide (a medicine used to treat cancer).
Mesna injection is not for use to reduce the risk of blood in the urine (hematuria) due to other medical conditions.
It is not known if mesna injection is safe and effective in children.
Who should not receive mesna injection?
Do not take mesna injection if you are allergic to mesna injection or any of the ingredients in mesna injection. See the end of this leaflet for a complete list of ingredients in mesna injection.
What should I tell my doctor before receiving mesna injection?
Before you receive mesna injection, tell your doctor if you:
Tell your doctor about all the medicines you take, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements.
How will I receive mesna injection?
What are the possible side effects of mesna injection?
Mesna injection may cause serious side effects, including:
See “What is the most important information I should know about mesna injection?”
The most common side effects of mesna injection when given with ifosfamide include:
Tell your doctor if you have any side effect that bothers you or that does not go away.
These are not all the possible side effects of mesna injection. For more information, ask your doctor or pharmacist.
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
Keep mesna injection and all medicines out of the reach of children.
General information about the safe and effective use of mesna injection
Medicines are sometimes prescribed for purposes other than those listed in a Patient Information Leaflet. Do not use mesna injection for a condition for which it was not prescribed. Do not give mesna injection to other people, even if they have the same symptoms that you have. It may harm them. If you would like more information, talk with your doctor. You can ask your pharmacist or doctor for information about mesna injection that is written for health professionals.
For more information, call Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc. at 1-877-446-3679 (1-877-4-INFO-RX).
What are the ingredients in mesna injection?
Active ingredient: mesna
Inactive ingredients: edetate disodium, water for injection, sodium hydroxide, and benzyl alcohol as a preservative.
This Patient Information Leaflet has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
Manufactured for:
Mylan Institutional LLC
Rockford, IL 61103 U.S.A.
Manufactured by:
Mylan Institutional
Galway, Ireland
0684L106
REVISED FEBRUARY 2016
MI:MESNIJ:R5
NDC 67457-148-10
Mesna Injection
1 gram/10 mL (100 mg/mL)
For Intravenous Use
Rx only 10 x 10 mL Multi-Dose Vials
Sterile. Non-pyrogenic.
Each mL contains:
Mesna, 100 mg; Edetate Disodium, 0.25 mg;
Benzyl Alcohol, 10.4 mg as a preservative; qs with
Water for Injection and Sodium Hydroxide for pH
adjustment. pH is 7.5 to 8.5.
Usual Dosage: See accompanying prescribing
information. Should not be prescribed without
thorough knowledge of dose, indications and
toxicology as contained in accompanying literature.
Fragile. Handle with care.
Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F).
[See USP Controlled Room Temperature.]
Manufactured for:
Mylan Institutional LLC
Rockford, IL 61103 U.S.A.
Manufactured by:
Mylan Institutional
Galway, Ireland
MI:148:10C:R5
Mylan.com
MESNA
mesna injection, solution |
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Labeler - Mylan Institutional LLC (790384502) |