GLYCOPYRROLATE- glycopyrrolate tablet
American Health Packaging
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Glycopyrrolate Tablets, USP contain the synthetic anticholinergic, glycopyrrolate. Glycopyrrolate is a quaternary ammonium compound with the following chemical name: 3-[(cyclopentylhydroxyphenylacetyl)oxy]-1, 1-dimethylpyrrolidinium bromide.
The structural formula of Glycopyrrolate is represented below:
Glycopyrrolate is supplied as 1 mg and 2 mg tablets.
Glycopyrrolate, like other anticholinergic (antimuscarinic) agents, inhibits the action of acetylcholine on structures innervated by postganglionic cholinergic nerves and on smooth muscles that respond to acetylcholine but lack cholinergic innervation. These peripheral cholinergic receptors are present in the autonomic effector cells of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, the sino-atrial node, the atrioventricular node, exocrine glands, and, to a limited degree, in the autonomic ganglia. Thus, it diminishes the volume and free acidity of gastric secretions and controls excessive pharyngeal, tracheal, and bronchial secretions.
Glycopyrrolate antagonizes muscarinic symptoms (e.g., bronchorrhea, bronchospasm, bradycardia, and intestinal hypermotility) induced by cholinergic drugs such as the anticholinesterases.
The highly polar quaternary ammonium group of glycopyrrolate limits its passage across lipid membranes, such as the blood-brain barrier, in contrast to atropine sulfate and scopolamine hydrobromide, which are non-polar tertiary amines which penetrate lipid barriers easily.
Glaucoma; obstructive uropathy (for example, bladder neck obstruction due to prostatic hypertrophy); obstructive disease of the gastrointestinal tract (as in achalasia, pyloroduodenal stenosis, etc.); paralytic ileus; intestinal atony of the elderly or debilitated patient; unstable cardiovascular status in acute hemorrhage; severe ulcerative colitis; toxic megacolon complicating ulcerative colitis; myasthenia gravis. Glycopyrrolate tablets are contraindicated in those patients with a hypersensitivity to glycopyrrolate.
In the presence of a high environmental temperature, heat prostration (fever and heat stroke due to decreased sweating) can occur with use of glycopyrrolate tablets.
Diarrhea may be an early symptom of incomplete intestinal obstruction, especially in patients with ileostomy or colostomy. In this instance treatment with this drug would be inappropriate and possibly harmful.
Glycopyrrolate tablets may produce drowsiness or blurred vision. In this event, the patient should be warned not to engage in activities requiring mental alertness such as operating a motor vehicle or other machinery, or performing hazardous work while taking this drug.
Theoretically, with overdosage, a curare-like action may occur, i.e., neuro-muscular blockade leading to muscular weakness and possible paralysis.
The safety of this drug during pregnancy has not been established. The use of any drug during pregnancy requires that the potential benefits of the drug be weighed against possible hazards to mother and child. Reproduction studies in rats revealed no teratogenic effects from glycopyrrolate; however, the potent anticholinergic action of this agent resulted in diminished rates of conception and of survival at weaning, in a dose-related manner. Other studies in dogs suggest that this may be due to diminished seminal secretion which is evident at high doses of glycopyrrolate. Information on possible adverse effects in the pregnant female is limited to uncontrolled data derived from marketing experience. Such experience has revealed no reports of teratogenic or other fetus-damaging potential. No controlled studies to establish the safety of the drug in pregnancy have been performed.
Use glycopyrrolate tablets with caution in the elderly and in all patients with:
Anticholinergics produce certain effects, most of which are extensions of their fundamental pharmacological actions. Adverse reactions to anticholinergics in general may include xerostomia; decreased sweating; urinary hesitancy and retention; blurred vision; tachycardia; palpitations; dilatation of the pupil; cycloplegia; increased ocular tension; loss of taste; headaches; nervousness; mental confusion; drowsiness; weakness; dizziness; insomnia; nausea; vomiting; constipation; bloated feeling; impotence; suppression of lactation; severe allergic reaction or drug idiosyncrasies including anaphylaxis, urticaria and other dermal manifestations.
Glycopyrrolate tablets are chemically quaternary ammonium compounds; hence, its passage across lipid membranes, such as the blood-brain barrier, is limited in contrast to atropine sulfate and scopolamine hydrobromide. For this reason the occurrence of CNS-related side effects is lower, in comparison to their incidence following administration of anticholinergics which are chemically tertiary amines that can cross this barrier readily.
The symptoms of overdosage of glycopyrrolate are peripheral in nature rather than central.
The dosage of glycopyrrolate tablets 1 mg or 2 mg should be adjusted to the needs of the individual patient to assure symptomatic control with a minimum of adverse reactions. The presently recommended maximum daily dosage of glycopyrrolate is 8 mg.
Glycopyrrolate tablets 1 mg. The recommended initial dosage of glycopyrrolate tablets 1 mg for adults is one tablet three times daily (in the morning, early afternoon, and at bedtime). Some patients may require two tablets at bedtime to assure overnight control of symptoms. For maintenance, a dosage of one tablet twice a day is frequently adequate.
Glycopyrrolate tablets 2 mg. The recommended dosage of glycopyrrolate tablets 2 mg for adults is one tablet two or three times daily at equally spaced intervals.
Glycopyrrolate tablets are not recommended for use in pediatric patients under the age of 12 years.
Glycopyrrolate Tablets, USP 2 mg are white, round, scored, flat-faced, beveled edge, debossed "3181" on one side and debossed "V" on the reverse side, supplied in unit dose packages of 30 (5 x 6) NDC 60687-126-25.
Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].
American Health Packaging unit dose blisters (see How Supplied section) contain drug product from Qualitest Pharmaceuticals as follows:
(2 mg / 30 UD) NDC 60687-126-25 packaged from NDC 0603-3181
Distributed by:
American Health Packaging
Columbus, OH 43217
8412621/0815OS
NDC 60687-126-25
GLYCOPYRROLATE
TABLETS, USP
WHITE DYE-FREE
2 mg
30 Tablets (5 x 6)
Each Tablet Contains:
Glycopyrrolate, USP………………………………2 mg
Usual Dosage: One tablet two or three times a day.
See package insert for full prescribing information.
Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F); excursions
permitted between 15° to 30°C (59° to 86°F) [see
USP Controlled Room Temperature].
Keep this and all drugs out of reach of children.
FOR YOUR PROTECTION: Do not use if blister is
torn or broken.
Rx Only
The drug product contained in this package is from
NDC # 0603-3181, Qualitest Pharmaceuticals.
Distributed by:
American Health Packaging
Columbus, Ohio 43217
712625
Rev. 08/2015OS
GLYCOPYRROLATE
glycopyrrolate tablet |
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Labeler - American Health Packaging (929561009) |
Establishment | |||
Name | Address | ID/FEI | Business Operations |
---|---|---|---|
American Health Packaging | 929561009 | repack(60687-126) |