Description
Sodium Chloride 0.9% Injection is a sterile, non-pyrogenic solution intended for water and electrolytes replenishment in single dose containers. May be administered intravenously using aseptic technique. It contains no antimicrobial agents. Discard any unused portion. Composition, osmolarity, pH and ionic concentration are shown in Table 1.
Table 1
The container is free of PVC and phthalates. The container meets the requirements of USP and is registered with FDA.
Clinical Pharmacology
Sodium Chloride 0.9% Injection is intended to restore water and electrolytes. It is capable of inducing diuresis, depending on the clinical condition of the patient.
Warnings
Sodium Chloride 0.9% Injection should be used with great care, if at all, in patients with congestive heart failure, severe renal insufficiency, and in clinical states in which there exists edema with sodium retention.
The intravenous administration of Sodium Chloride 0.9% Injection can cause fluid and/or solute overloading resulting in dilution of serum electrolyte concentrations, over-hydration, congested states, or pulmonary edema. The risk of dilutive states is inversely proportional to the electrolyte concentration of the injections. The risk of solute overload causing congested states with peripheral and pulmonary edema is directly proportional to the electrolyte concentrations of the injections.
In patients with diminished renal function, administration of Sodium Chloride 0.9% Injection may result in sodium retention.
Adverse Reactions
Reactions which may occur because of the solution or the technique of administration include febrile response, infection at the site of injection, venous thrombosis or phlebitis extending from the site of injection, extravasation, and hypervolemia.
If an adverse reaction does occur, discontinue the infusion, evaluate the patient, institute appropriate therapeutic countermeasures and save the remainder of the fluid for examination if deemed necessary.
Precautions
This is a single dose unit. It contains no preservatives. Use entire contents when first opened.
Clinical evaluation and periodic laboratory determinations are necessary to monitor changes in fluid balance, electrolyte concentrations, and acid base balance during prolonged parenteral therapy or whenever the condition of the patient warrants such evaluation.
Caution must be exercised in the administration of Sodium Chloride 0.9% Injection to patients receiving corticosteroids or corticotrophin.
Do not administer unless solution is clear and seal is intact.
Solution must be warmed to body temperature prior to administration at a slow rate. Use solution promptly following initial entry.
Reactions which may occur because of the solution or the technique of administration, include febrile response, infection at the site of injection, extravasation, and hypervolemia.
Dosage and Administration
As directed by a veterinarian. Dosage is dependent upon the age, weight and clinical condition of the patient, as well as laboratory determinations.
Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discolouration prior to administration whenever solution and container permit.
Additives may be incompatible. Complete information is not available. Those additives known to be incompatible should not be used. Mix thoroughly when additives have been introduced. Do not store solutions containing additives.
Over-dosage
In an event of over-hydration or solute overload, re-evaluate the patient and institute appropriate corrective measures. See Warnings, Precautions and Adverse Reactions.
Storage
Exposure of pharmaceutical products to heat should be minimized. Avoid excessive heat. It is recommended the product be stored at room temperature (86°F/30°C). Protect from freezing.
Directions for use of plastic container
To Open
Tear overwrap at slit and remove solution container. Some opacity of the plastic due to moisture absorption during the sterilization process may be observed. This is normal and does not affect the solution quality or safety. The opacity will diminish gradually. Check for minute leaks by squeezing solution container firmly. If leaks are found, discard solution as sterility may be impaired. If supplemental medication is desired, follow directions below:
Preparation for Administration
1. Suspend container from eyelet support.
2. Remove plastic protector from inlet/outlet port at bottom of container.
3. Attach administration set.
To Add Medication
WARNING: Additives may be incompatible.
To add medication before solution administration
1. Prepare medication site.
2. Using syringe with 0.63mm to 0.80mm needle, puncture medication port and inject.
3. Mix solution and medication thoroughly. For high density medication such as potassium chloride, squeeze ports while ports are upright and mix thoroughly.
To add medication during solution administration
1. Close the clamp on the administration set.
2. Prepare medication site.
3. Using syringe with 0.63mm to 0.80mm needle, puncture medication port and inject.
4. Remove container from IV pole and/or turn to an upright position.
5. Evacuate both ports by squeezing them while container is in the upright position.
6. Mix solution and medication thoroughly.
7. Return container to in use position and continue administration.
