Label: GLYCOPYRROLATE tablet

  • Category: HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL
  • DEA Schedule: None
  • Marketing Status: Abbreviated New Drug Application

Drug Label Information

Updated September 27, 2012

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  • DESCRIPTION

    Glycopyrrolate tablets contain the synthetic anticholinergic, glycopyrrolate.  Glycopyrrolate is a quaternary ammonium compound with the following chemical name:
    3-[(cyclopentylhydroxyphenylacetyl)oxy]-1, 1-dimethylpyrrolidinium bromide. Its emprical formula is C19H8BrNO3, its molecular weight is 398.33, and its structural formula is:

    e7e5a81e-figure-01

    Each 1 mg tablet contains: Glycopyrrolate, 1 mg

    Each 2 mg tablet contains: Glycopyrrolate, 2 mg

    Inactive ingredients:
    Dibasic Calcium Phosphate, Lactose Anhydrous, Magnesium Stearate, Povidone, and Sodium Starch Glycolate

  • CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY

    Glycopyrrolate, like other anticholinergic (antimuscarinic) agents, inhibits the action of acetylcholine on structures innervated by postganglionic cholinergic nerves and on smooth muscles that respond to acetylcholine but lack cholinergic innervation.  These peripheral cholinergic receptors are present in the autonomic effector cells of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, the sino-atrial node, the atrioventricular node, exocrine glands, and, to a limited degree, in the autonomic ganglia.  Thus, it diminishes the volume and free acidity of gastric secretions and controls excessive pharyngeal, tracheal, and bronchial secretions.

    Glycopyrrolate antagonizes muscarinic symptoms (e.g., bronchorrhea, bronchospasm, bradycardia, and intestinal hypermotility) induced by cholinergic drugs such as the anticholinesterases.

    The highly polar quaternary ammonium group of glycopyrrolate limits its passage across lipid membranes, such as the blood-brain barrier, in contrast to atropine sulfate and scopolamine hydrobromide, which are non-polar tertiary amines which penetrate lipid barriers easily.

  • INDICATIONS AND USAGE

    For use as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of peptic ulcer.

  • CONTRAINDICATIONS

    Glaucoma; obstructive uropathy (for example, bladder neck obstruction due to prostatic hypertrophy); obstructive disease of the gastrointestinal tract (as in achalasia, pyloroduodenal stenosis, etc.); paralytic ileus; intestinal atony of the elderly or debilitated patient; unstable cardiovascular status in acute hemorrhage; severe ulcerative colitis; toxic megacolon complicating ulcerative colitis; myasthenia gravis.  Glycopyrrolate tablets are contraindicated in those patients with a hypersensitivity to glycopyrrolate.

  • WARNINGS

    In the presence of a high environmental temperature, heat prostration (fever and heat stroke due to decreased sweating) can occur with use of glycopyrrolate.

    Diarrhea may be an early symptom of incomplete intestinal obstruction, especially in patients with ileostomy or colostomy.  In this instance treatment with this drug would be inappropriate and possibly harmful.

    Glycopyrrolate may produce drowsiness or blurred vision.  In this event, the patient should be warned not to engage in activities requiring mental alertness such as operating a motor vehicle or other machinery, or performing hazardous work while taking this drug.

    Theoretically, with overdosage, a curare-like action may occur, i.e., neuro-muscular blockade leading to muscular weakness and possible paralysis.

    Pregnancy:
    The safety of this drug during pregnancy has not been established. The use of any drug during pregnancy requires that the potential benefits of the drug be weighed against possible hazards to mother and child. Reproduction studies in rats revealed no teratogenic effects from glycopyrrolate; however, the potent anticholinergic action of this agent resulted in diminished rates of conception and of survival at weaning, in a dose-related manner.
    Other studies in dogs suggest that this may be due to diminished seminal secretion which is evident at high doses of glycopyrrolate.  Information on possible adverse effects in the pregnant female is limited to uncontrolled data derived from marketing experience.  Such experience has revealed no reports of teratogenic or other fetus-damaging potential.  No controlled studies to establish the safety of the drug in pregnancy have been performed.

    Nursing Mothers
    It is not known whether this drug is excreted in human milk.  As a general rule, nursing should not be undertaken while a patient is on a drug since many drugs are excreted in human milk.

    Pediatric Use
    Since there is no adequate experience in pediatric patients who have received this drug, safety and efficacy in pediatric patients have not been established.

  • PRECAUTIONS

    Use Glycopyrrolate with caution in the elderly and in all patients with:

    • Autonomic neuropathy.
    • Hepatic or renal disease.
    • Ulcerative colitis–large doses may suppress intestinal motility to the point of producing a

      paralytic ileus and for this reason may precipitate or aggravate “toxic megacolon,” a serious

      complication of the disease.

    • Hyperthyroidism, coronary heart disease, congestive heart failure, cardiac tachyarrhythmias, tachycardia, hypertension and prostatic hypertrophy.
    • Hiatal hernia associated with reflux esophagitis, since anticholinergic drugs may aggravate this condition.
  • ADVERSE REACTIONS

    Anticholinergics produce certain effects, most of which are extensions of their fundamental pharmacological actions.  Adverse reactions to anticholinergics in general may include xerostomia; decreased sweating; urinary hesitancy and retention; blurred vision; tachycardia; palpitations; dilatation of the pupil; cycloplegia; increased ocular tension; loss of taste; headaches; nervousness; mental confusion; drowsiness; weakness; dizziness; insomnia; nausea; vomiting; constipation; bloated feeling; impotence; suppression of lactation; severe allergic reaction or drug idiosyncrasies including anaphylaxis, urticaria and other dermal manifestations.

    Glycopyrrolate is chemically a quaternary ammonium compound; hence, its passage across lipid membranes, such as the blood-brain barrier, is limited in contrast to atropine sulfate and scopolamine hydrobromide.  For this reason the occurrence of CNS related side effects is lower, in comparison to their incidence following administration of anticholinergics which are chemically tertiary amines that can cross this barrier readily.

  • OVERDOSAGE

    The symptoms of overdosage of glycopyrrolate are peripheral in nature rather than central.

    1. To guard against further absorption of the drug–use gastric lavage, cathartics and/or enemas.
    2. To combat peripheral anticholinergic effects (residual mydriasis, dry mouth,etc.)–utilize a quaternary ammonium anticholinesterase, such as neostigmine methylsulfate.
    3. To combat hypotension–use pressor amines (norepinephrine, metaraminol) i.v.; and supportive care.
    4. To combat respiratory depression–administer oxygen; utilize a respiratory stimulant such as Dopram® i.v.; artificial respiration.
  • DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

    The dosage of glycopyrrolate should be adjusted to the needs of the individual patient to assure symptomatic control with a minimum of adverse reactions. The presently recommended maximum daily dosage of glycopyrrolate is 8 mg.

    Glycopyrrolate, 1 mg tablets:
    The recommended initial dosage of glycopyrrolate for adults is one tablet three times daily (in the morning, early afternoon, and at bedtime).  Some patients may require two tablets at bedtime to assure overnight control of symptoms.  For maintenance, a dosage of one tablet twice a day is frequently adequate.

    Glycopyrrolate, 2 mg tablets:
    The recommended dosage of glycopyrrolate for adults is one tablet two or three times daily at equally spaced intervals.

    Glycopyrrolate tablets are not recommended for use in pediatric patients under the age of 12 years.

    DRUG INTERACTIONS

    There are no known drug interactions.

  • HOW SUPPLIED

    Glycopyrrolate tablets 1 mg are bisected, compressed white, round tablets debossed “EP” above the bisect and “139” below the bisect on one side of the tablet, and plain on the other side.
    Available in bottles of 100 (NDC 64125-139-01)

    Glycopyrrolate tablets 2 mg are bisected, compressed white, round tablets debossed “EP” above the bisect and “140” below the bisect on one side of the tablet, and plain on the other side.
    Available in bottles of 100 (NDC 64125-140-01).

    STORAGE

    Store at 20° - 25°C (68° - 77°F). [See USP Controlled Room Temperature].

    Dispense in a tight, light-resistant container as defined in the USP using a child-resistant closure.

    Rx only

    • Dopram® is a registered trademark of Baxter Healthcare Corporation.

    Manufactured by:
    Excellium Pharmaceutical. Inc.
    Fairfield, NJ 07004
    07/08

  • PACKAGE LABEL.PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL

    NDC 64125-139-01

    1 mg: Bottle of 100 Tablets

    e7e5a81e-figure-02

    NDC 64125-140-01

    2 mg: Bottle of 100 Tablets

    e7e5a81e-figure-03
  • INGREDIENTS AND APPEARANCE
    GLYCOPYRROLATE 
    glycopyrrolate tablet
    Product Information
    Product TypeHUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUGItem Code (Source)NDC:64125-139
    Route of AdministrationORAL
    Active Ingredient/Active Moiety
    Ingredient NameBasis of StrengthStrength
    GLYCOPYRROLATE (UNII: V92SO9WP2I) (GLYCOPYRRONIUM - UNII:A14FB57V1D) GLYCOPYRROLATE1 mg
    Inactive Ingredients
    Ingredient NameStrength
    POVIDONE (UNII: FZ989GH94E)  
    ANHYDROUS LACTOSE (UNII: 3SY5LH9PMK)  
    ANHYDROUS DIBASIC CALCIUM PHOSPHATE (UNII: L11K75P92J)  
    MAGNESIUM STEARATE (UNII: 70097M6I30)  
    SODIUM STARCH GLYCOLATE TYPE A POTATO (UNII: 5856J3G2A2)  
    Product Characteristics
    ColorWHITEScore2 pieces
    ShapeROUNDSize8mm
    FlavorImprint Code EP139
    Contains    
    Packaging
    #Item CodePackage DescriptionMarketing Start DateMarketing End Date
    1NDC:64125-139-01100 in 1 BOTTLE
    Marketing Information
    Marketing CategoryApplication Number or Monograph CitationMarketing Start DateMarketing End Date
    ANDAANDA09019510/01/2012
    GLYCOPYRROLATE 
    glycopyrrolate tablet
    Product Information
    Product TypeHUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUGItem Code (Source)NDC:64125-140
    Route of AdministrationORAL
    Active Ingredient/Active Moiety
    Ingredient NameBasis of StrengthStrength
    GLYCOPYRROLATE (UNII: V92SO9WP2I) (GLYCOPYRRONIUM - UNII:A14FB57V1D) GLYCOPYRROLATE2 mg
    Inactive Ingredients
    Ingredient NameStrength
    ANHYDROUS DIBASIC CALCIUM PHOSPHATE (UNII: L11K75P92J)  
    MAGNESIUM STEARATE (UNII: 70097M6I30)  
    ANHYDROUS LACTOSE (UNII: 3SY5LH9PMK)  
    POVIDONE (UNII: FZ989GH94E)  
    SODIUM STARCH GLYCOLATE TYPE A POTATO (UNII: 5856J3G2A2)  
    Product Characteristics
    ColorWHITEScore2 pieces
    ShapeROUNDSize9mm
    FlavorImprint Code EP140
    Contains    
    Packaging
    #Item CodePackage DescriptionMarketing Start DateMarketing End Date
    1NDC:64125-140-01100 in 1 BOTTLE
    Marketing Information
    Marketing CategoryApplication Number or Monograph CitationMarketing Start DateMarketing End Date
    ANDAANDA09019510/01/2012
    Labeler - Excellium Pharmaceutical, Inc. (011769192)
    Registrant - Excellium Pharmaceutical, Inc. (011769192)
    Establishment
    NameAddressID/FEIBusiness Operations
    Excellium Pharmaceutical, Inc.011769192MANUFACTURE(64125-139, 64125-140)