LIQUI-COAT  HD - barium sulfate suspension 
Mallinckrodt Inc.

----------

LAFAYETTE
LIQUI-COAT HD™
BARIUM SULFATE SUSPENSION

Rx only

DESCRIPTION

Liqui-Coat HD is a raspberry-vanilla flavored, high density barium sulfate suspension for use as a contrast medium in air contrast stomach examinations.

The product contains 210% w/v (81% w/w) barium sulfate USP, suspending and dispersing agents, simethicone, artificial flavoring, potassium sorbate, sorbitol, sodium benzoate, saccharin sodium and water. Barium sulfate has the empirical formula BaSO4.

CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY

Barium sulfate is an insoluble material which, because of its density, provides a positive contrast during x-ray examination. Barium sulfate is an inert radiopaque material which is not absorbed or metabolized and is eliminated intact from the body in a manner similar to other non-absorbed inorganic materials. Excretion rate is a function of gastrointestinal transit time.

INDICATIONS AND USAGE

Liqui-Coat HD is indicated for use as a contrast medium in double contrast stomach examinations.

CONTRAINDICATIONS

Barium sulfate products are contraindicated in patients with known or suspected obstruction of the colon, known or suspected gastrointestinal tract perforation, suspected tracheoesophageal fistula, obstructing lesions of the small intestine, pyloric stenosis, inflammation or neoplastic lesions of the rectum, recent rectal biopsy, or known hypersensitivity to barium sulfate formulations.

Barium sulfate suspensions should not be used for infants with swallowing disorders or for newborns with complete duodenal or jejunal obstruction or when distal small bowel or colon obstruction is suspected.

Barium sulfate suspension is not recommended for very small preterm infants and young babies requiring small volumes of contrast media or for infants and young children when there is a possibility of leakage from the gastrointestinal tract, such as necrotizing enterocolitis, unexplained pneumoperitoneum, gasless abdomen, other bowel perforation, esophageal perforation or post operative anastomosis.

WARNINGS

Serious adverse reactions, including death, have been reported with the administration of barium sulfate formulations and are usually associated with the technique of administration, the underlying pathological condition and/or patient hypersensitivities.

Vomiting following oral administration of barium sulfate suspension may lead to aspiration pneumonitis. Oral administration of barium sulfate suspension by an infant sucking a bottle and administration of large quantities by catheter are reported to be likely to result in aspiration into the tracheobronchial tree. Cardiopulmonary arrest leading to fatality has been reported in infants following aspiration. Aspiration of smaller amounts may cause inflammation.

Barium sulfate preparations used as radiopaque media contain a number of additives to provide diagnostic properties and patient palatability. Allergic responses following the use of barium sulfate suspensions have been reported. Skin irritation, redness, inflammation and hives have been reported for infants and small children following spillage of barium sulfate suspension on their skin. These responses are thought to be caused by the flavors and/or preservatives used in the product.

Barium sulfate suspension has been reported to cause obstruction of the small bowel (impaction) in pediatric patients with cystic fibrosis. It has also been reported to cause fluid overload from the absorption of water during studies in infants when Hirschsprung’s Disease is suspected.

PRECAUTIONS


General

Diagnostic procedures which involve the use of radiopaque contrast agents should be carried out under the direction of personnel with the requisite training and with a thorough knowledge of the particular procedure to be performed. A history of bronchial asthma, atopy, as evidenced by hay fever and eczema, a family history of allergy, or a previous reaction to a contrast agent warrant special attention. Caution should be exercised with the use of radiopaque media in severely debilitated patients and in those with marked hypertension or advanced cardiac disease.

Anaphylactic and allergic reactions have been reported during double contrast examinations in which glucagon has been used.

An increased risk of perforation has been reported in neonates with intussusception. In patients with cystic fibrosis or blind loops of the bowel or ileus, there is a risk of inspissation leading to partial or complete obstruction.

In neonates and infants with motility disorders such as Hirschsprung’s Disease retention of large amounts of barium sulfate suspension may result in absorption of water from the suspension and fluid overload. The addition of small amounts of salt to the barium sulfate suspension has been reported to reduce the problem.

Ingestion of barium sulfate suspension is not recommended in patients with a history of food aspiration. If barium sulfate suspension is aspirated into the larynx, further administration of the suspension should be immediately discontinued.

Patient preparation for diagnostic gastrointestinal examinations frequently requires cathartics and a liquid diet. The various preparations can result in water loss for the patient. Patients should be rehydrated quickly following a barium sulfate suspension examination of the gastrointestinal tract. In patients with reduced colon motility, saline cathartics may be required after the barium sulfate suspension enema. Saline cathartics are recommended on a routine basis in patients with a history of constipation unless clinically contraindicated.

Pregnancy

Safe use of barium sulfate during pregnancy has not been established. Barium sulfate should be used in pregnant women only if the possible benefits outweigh the potential risks. Elective radiography of the abdomen is considered to be contraindicated during pregnancy due to the risk to the fetus from radiation exposure. Radiation is known to cause harm to the unborn fetus exposed in utero.

Pediatric Use

The radiographic contrast agents used for examination of children do not differ substantially from those used for adults. The variation in physical sizes of pediatric patients requires more thorough attention to individualizing dosage. The volume of barium sulfate suspension and the barium sulfate content required will also depend upon the technique used and the clinical need.

ADVERSE REACTIONS

Adverse reactions accompanying the use of barium sulfate formulations are infrequent and usually mild, though severe reactions (approximately 1 in 500,000) and fatalities (approximately 1 in 2,000,000) have occurred. Procedural complications are rare, but may include aspiration pneumonitis, barium sulfate impaction, granuloma formation, intravasation, embolization and peritonitis following intestinal perforation, vasovagal and syncopal episodes, and fatalities. It is of the utmost importance to be completely prepared to treat any such occurrence.

Due to the increased likelihood of allergic reactions in atopic patients, a complete history of known and suspected allergies as well as allergic-like symptoms, e.g. rhinitis, bronchial asthma, eczema and urticaria, must be obtained prior to any medical procedure.

Aspiration of large amounts of barium sulfate suspension may cause pneumonitis or nodular granulomas of interstitial lung tissues and lymph nodes; asphyxiation and death have been reported.

A rare mild allergic reaction would most likely be generalized pruritus, erythema or urticaria (approximately 1 in 100,000 reactions). Such reactions will often respond to an antihistamine. More serious reactions (approximately 1 in 500,000) may result in laryngeal edema, bronchospasm or hypotension.

Severe reactions which may require emergency measures are often characterized by peripheral vasodilation, hypotension, reflex tachycardia, dyspnea, bronchospasm, agitation, confusion and cyanosis, progressing to unconsciousness. Treatment should be initiated immediately according to established standard of care.

Adrenocorticosteroids, even if given intravenously, exert no significant effect on the acute allergic reaction for a few hours. The administration of these steroid agents should not be regarded as emergency measures for the treatment of allergic reactions.

Apprehensive patients may develop weakness, pallor, tinnitus, diaphoresis and bradycardia following the administration of any diagnostic agent. Such reactions are usually non-allergic in nature.

Postmarketing Experiences

The following adverse experiences have been reported in patients receiving products containing barium sulfate. These adverse experiences are listed alphabetically: abdominal cramping, abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever, foreign body trauma relating to procedural complications, headache, laryngeal burning and irritation, leukocytosis, nausea, procedural site reactions, rash and vomiting.

OVERDOSAGE

In rare instances, immediate repeat oral examinations utilizing standard dosages may lead to severe stomach cramps and diarrhea. Cases reported in adults implicate a total dose in the range of 30 ounces (900 mL) of suspension. Instances of this type have resolved spontaneously and they are not considered to be life-threatening.

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

Individual technique will determine the suspension quantity and specific procedure used. The following are suggested for Liqui-Coat HD use in double contrast stomach examinations.

Patient Preparation

Successful examination of the upper gastrointestinal tract requires that the stomach be empty and essentially free of fluid. This can usually be accomplished by instructing the patient to abstain from eating or drinking anything after the evening meal before the examination. The preparation for small bowel examinations, done separately or combined with an upper gastrointestinal series, is the same.

Administration

Shake the bottle of Liqui-Coat HD vigorously before use. While techniques may vary, it is suggested that the patient place a gas producing agent such as sodium bicarbonate on the tongue and wash down with 10 mL of water. Immediately following the sodium bicarbonate, and while the patient is in the upright position, have the patient drink the Liqui-Coat HD suspension. Instruct the patient not to burp. (Depending upon physician preference, the barium sulfate suspension may be given prior to sodium bicarbonate).

Pediatric Use

The quantity of suspension used and the barium sulfate concentration will depend upon patient size, technique used and clinical need.

For single patient use only. Properly discard unused portion.

HOW SUPPLIED

Catalog No. 149705. NDC 68240-328-24. 150 mL unit dose bottles; twenty-four (24) bottles per case.

Store at 25°C (77°F); excursions permitted to 15° to 30°C (59° to 86°F). Protect from freezing.

Shake VIGOROUSLY before use.

Liqui-Coat HD is a trademark of Lafayette Pharmaceuticals, Inc.


DIN: 02195569
Distributed in Canada by:
tyco Healthcare
Pointe-Claire, QC, Canada H9R 5H8
Establishment License # 100689-A

Made in Mexico
Manufactured by:
Mallinckrodt Inc.
St. Louis, MO 63042 USA
www.Mallinckrodt.com

MID 1294550 Rev 04/2009

DOUBLE CONTRAST
UPPER G.I.

tyco
Healthcare

Mallinckrodt

Package Label - Principal Display Panel - 150 mL Bottle

L A F A Y E T T E

LIQUI-COAT HD™
BARIUM SULFATE SUSPENSION

Catalog No. 149705

O3ANTIMICROBIAL TECHNOLOGY

DOUBLE CONTRAST / UPPER G.I. EXAMS

Rx only

150 mL

LIQUI-COAT HD
Barium Sulfate Suspension

NDC 68240-328-24
Catalog No. 149705

A raspberry-vanilla flavored 210% w/v (81% w/w) barium sulfate suspension for use in air contrast stomach examinations.

Contents: Barium sulfate USP, suspending and dispersing agents, simethicone, artificial flavoring, potassium sorbate, sorbitol, sodium benzoate, saccharin sodium and water.

Contraindications: Do not use in patients with suspected gastrointestinal tract perforation or known hypersensitivity to barium sulfate formulations.

Dosage and Administration: See package insert for complete instructions.

Shake VIGOROUSLY before use.

For single patient use only. Properly discard unused portion.

Storage: Store at 25°C (77°F); excursions permitted to 15° to 30°C (59° to 86°F). Protect from freezing.

Net Contents: 150 mL

DIN: 02195569
Distributed in Canada by:
tyco Healthcare
Pointe-Claire, QC, Canada
H9R 5H8
Establishment
License # 100689-A

Made in Mexico
Manufactured by:
Mallinckrodt Inc.
St. Louis, MO 63042 USA
www.Mallinckrodt.com

MID 1170400
Rev 04/2009

tyco/Healthcare

MALLINCKRODT

Label

LIQUI-COAT   HD
barium sulfate   suspension
Product Information
Product TypeHUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUGNDC Product Code (Source)68240-328
Route of AdministrationORALDEA Schedule    
Active Ingredient/Active Moiety
Ingredient NameBasis of StrengthStrength
BARIUM SULFATE (BARIUM CATION) BARIUM SULFATE2100 mg  in 1 mL
Inactive Ingredients
Ingredient NameStrength
SACCHARIN SODIUM 
SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE 
POTASSIUM SORBATE 
WATER 
HYDROGEN PEROXIDE 
CITRIC ACID MONOHYDRATE 
SORBITOL 
CARRAGEENAN 
SODIUM CITRATE 
SODIUM BENZOATE 
POTASSIUM CHLORIDE 
ACETIC ACID 
XANTHAN GUM 
Product Characteristics
Color    Score    
ShapeSize
FlavorRASPBERRY, VANILLAImprint Code
Contains    
Packaging
#NDCPackage DescriptionMultilevel Packaging
168240-328-2424 BOTTLE In 1 CASEcontains a BOTTLE, PLASTIC
1150 mL In 1 BOTTLE, PLASTICThis package is contained within the CASE (68240-328-24)

Marketing Information
Marketing CategoryApplication Number or Monograph CitationMarketing Start DateMarketing End Date
unapproved drug other06/01/200907/31/2010

Labeler - Mallinckrodt Inc. (810407189)
Establishment
NameAddressID/FEIOperations
Mallinckrodt Medical, S.A. de C.V.810407189analysis, manufacture
Revised: 08/2010Mallinckrodt Inc.